1. Hexapoda Insecta Paleoptera Neoptera Polyneoptera Condyloptera
Vericrustacea
Collembola: Springtails
Protura: Coneheads
Diplura: Two-pronged Bristletails
Archaeognatha: Jumping Bristletails
Zygentoma: Silverfish
Hexapoda
Insecta
Blattodea: Roaches and Termites
Plecoptera: Stoneflies
Notoptera: Gladiators
Embioptera: Webspinners
Phasmatodea: Stick Bugs
Mantodea: Mantids
Orthoptera: Grasshoppers
Dermaptera: Earwigs
Ephemeroptera: Mayflies
Odonata: Dragonflies
Paleoptera
Neoptera
Polyneoptera
Diptera: Flies
Mecoptera: Scorpionflies
Siphonaptera: Fleas
Lepidoptera: Butterflies and Moths
Trichoptera: Caddisflies
Coleoptera: Beetles
Strepsiptera: Twisted-wing Parasites
Neuroptera: Net-winged Insects
Megaloptera: Dobsonflies
Hymenoptera: Ants, Bees, Wasps
Psocodea: Bark and Tree Lice
Hemiptera: True Bugs
Thysanoptera: Thrips
Condyloptera
Holometabola

2. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, hoppers, aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to stab prey

3. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to stab prey

4. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to stab prey

5. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)

6. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers
- flattened spur at apex of hind tibia

7. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers
Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!)
- head extended into a
Snout-like structure

8. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers
Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!)
Cicadidae – Cicadas (157)
- 3 ocelli
- often large, but can be smaller, too
song
Periodic cicada (Magicicada)
‘dog day’ cicada
song

9. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers
Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!)
Cicadidae – Cicadas
Membracidae – Treehoppers
- large pronotum that covers the thorax and abdomen

11. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers
Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!)
- antennae in front of head between eyes
Cicadidae – Cicadas
Membracidae – Treehoppers
Cicadellidae – Leafhoppers (2500)
- two rows of spines on hind tibia

12. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers
Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!)
- antennae in front of head between eyes
Cicadidae – Cicadas
Membracidae – Treehoppers
Cicadellidae – Leafhoppers
Cercopidae – Froghoppers / Spittlebugs
- hind tibia with a couple spines laterally and short spines at tip

14. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae
- tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice
- small 2-5mm, look like tiny cicadas with jumping legs

15. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae
- tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice
Aleyrodidae – Whiteflies
- antennae with 3-7 segments, whitish wings, no jumping legs

16. Unusual for hemiptera … quiescent stage

17. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae
- tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice
Aleyrodidae – Whiteflies
Aphididae – Aphids
- wings with 4-6 veins behind stigma extending to wing margin
- cornicles
- sexual and partheogenetic generations

20. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae
- tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice
Aleyrodidae – Whiteflies
Aphididae – Aphids
Adelgidae – Pine and Spruce Aphids
- wings with 3 veins behind stigma extending to wing margin
- no cornicles
- wings held roof-like

24. ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae
- tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice
Aleyrodidae – Whiteflies
Aphididae – Aphids
Adelgidae – Pine and Spruce Aphids
Coccidae – Scales

25. While female scales remain immotile for the rest of their lives once they have found a host, males regrow their legs and usually develop wings at maturity to find females. This is the Kuno scale Eulecanium kunoense. Photo by Joyce Gross (and very impressive it is too - photographing something as minute as a male scale isn’t easy).
From:

26. Hexapoda Insecta Paleoptera Neoptera Polyneoptera Condyloptera
Vericrustacea
Collembola: Springtails
Protura: Coneheads
Diplura: Two-pronged Bristletails
Archaeognatha: Jumping Bristletails
Zygentoma: Silverfish
Hexapoda
Insecta
Blattodea: Roaches and Termites
Plecoptera: Stoneflies
Notoptera: Gladiators
Embioptera: Webspinners
Phasmatodea: Stick Bugs
Mantodea: Mantids
Orthoptera: Grasshoppers
Dermaptera: Earwigs
Ephemeroptera: Mayflies
Odonata: Dragonflies
Paleoptera
Neoptera
Polyneoptera
Diptera: Flies
Mecoptera: Scorpionflies
Siphonaptera: Fleas
Lepidoptera: Butterflies and Moths
Trichoptera: Caddisflies
Coleoptera: Beetles
Strepsiptera: Twisted-wing Parasites
Neuroptera: Net-winged Insects
Megaloptera: Dobsonflies
Hymenoptera: Ants, Bees, Wasps
Psocodea: Bark and Tree Lice
Hemiptera: True Bugs
Thysanoptera: Thrips
Condyloptera
Holometabola

27. Mecoptera: Scorpionflies Siphonaptera: Fleas
Diptera: Flies
Mecoptera: Scorpionflies
Siphonaptera: Fleas
Lepidoptera: Butterflies and Moths
Trichoptera: Caddisflies
Coleoptera: Beetles
Strepsiptera: Twisted-wing Parasites
Neuroptera: Net-winged Insects
Megaloptera: Dobsonflies
Hymenoptera: Ants, Bees, Wasps
Psocodea: Bark and Tree Lice
Holometabola
HOLOMETABOLA: COMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS

28. ORDER: Neuroptera
ORDER: Coleoptera

29. ORDERS: Megaloptera and Neuroptera – Dobsonflies and Lacewings
- four membranous wings with many crossveins, make the wings very ‘netted’

30. ORDERS: Megaloptera and Neuroptera – Dobsonflies and Lacewings
- four membranous wings with many crossveins, make the wings very ‘netted’
- soft bodies, mandibulate, tarsi 5 segmented; no cerci, wing held rooflike over body

31. ORDERS: Megaloptera and Neuroptera – Dobsonflies and Lacewings
- four membranous wings with many crossveins, make the wings very ‘netted’
- soft bodies, mandibulate, tarsi 5 segmented; no cerci, wing held rooflike over body
- campodeiform larvae (with legs and very active)

32. ORDERS: Megaloptera and Neuroptera – Dobsonflies and Lacewings
- four membranous wings with many crossveins, make the wings very ‘netted’
- soft bodies, mandibulate, tarsi 5 segmented; no cerci, wing held rooflike over body
- campodeiform larvae (with legs and very active)
- pupae naked or in a coccoon

33. ORDER: Megaloptera: Dobsonflies
Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing margin
1. Corydalidae – Dobsonflies: ocelli present. Large

34. ORDER: Megalopera – Dobsonflies
Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing margin
1. Corydalidae – Dobsonflies: ocelli present. Large. Males may have long tusk used for male-male competition for mates

35. ORDER: Megaloptera – Dobsonflies
Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing margin
1. Corydalidae – Dobsonflies: ocelli present. Large. Males may have long tusk used for male-male competition for mates. Larvae (hellgrammites) have 8 lateral abdominal appendages, anal prolegs, and no caudal filament

36. ORDER: Megaloptera: Dobsonflies
Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing margin
Corydalidae – Dobsonflies
Sialidae – Alderflies: no ocelli; less than 25mm, wings smoky all over

37. ORDER: Megaloptera –Dobsonflies
Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing margin
Corydalidae – Dobsonflies
Sialidae – Alderflies: no ocelli; less than 25mm, wings smoky all over
Larvae aquatic and predaceous, with a terminal filament and no anal prolegs

38. ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings
Hind wings equal at base to front wings, with forked veins at margin

39. ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings
Hind wings equal at base to front wings, with forked veins at margin
- Prothorax elongate
1. Mantispidae – Mantisflies (14)
- wingspan about 25mm; raptorial forelegs. Larvae are predators of wasp, bee, and spider eggs. Not a big group, but unambiguous and pretty neat-o.

40. ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings
Hind wings equal at base to front wings, with forked veins at margin
- Prothorax elongate
- Prothorax not elongate
- antennae clubbed/knobbed
2. Myrmeleontidae – Antlions (92)
- antennae shorter than body, about as long as head and thorax. Resemble damselflies or dragonflies, but with clubbed antennae and softer body.

41. ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings
Hind wings equal at base to front wings, with forked veins at margin
- Prothorax elongate
- Prothorax not elongate
- antennae clubbed/knobbed
2. Myrmeleontidae – Antlions (92)
- antennae shorter than body, about as long as head and thorax. Resemble damselflies or dragonflies, but with clubbed antennae and softer body.
- larvae are ‘doodlebugs’ – prey on ants at bottom of a cone-shaped burrow
video

42. ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings
- Prothorax not elongate
- antennae clubbed/knobbed
2. Myrmeleontidae – Antlions (92)
3. Ascalaphidae – Owlflies (6)
- antennae nearly as long as the entire body; stronger fliers

43. ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings
- Prothorax not elongate
- antennae clubbed/knobbed
2. Myrmeleontidae – Antlions (92)
3. Ascalaphidae – Owlflies (6)
- antennae nearly as long as the entire body; stronger fliers.
- larvae sit and wait predators, sometimes covering themselves with debris

44. ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings
- Prothorax not elongate
- antennae clubbed/knobbed
- antennae varied, but not clubbed/knobbed
4. Hemerobiidae – Brown Lacewings (61)
- brown, with forked costal crossveins giving wing a fringed appearance

46. ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings
- Prothorax not elongate
- antennae clubbed/knobbed
- antennae varied, but not clubbed/knobbed
4. Hemerobiidae – Brown Lacewings (61)
5. Chrysopidae – Green/Common Lacewings (84)
- green or yellow color, coastal crossveins not forked around wing.

48. Mecoptera: Scorpionflies Siphonaptera: Fleas
Diptera: Flies
Mecoptera: Scorpionflies
Siphonaptera: Fleas
Lepidoptera: Butterflies and Moths
Trichoptera: Caddisflies
Coleoptera: Beetles
Strepsiptera: Twisted-wing Parasites
Neuroptera: Net-winged Insects
Megaloptera: Dobsonflies
Hymenoptera: Ants, Bees, Wasps
Psocodea: Bark and Tree Lice
Holometabola

49. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- hind wings, are membranous and folded beneath forewings

50. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- hind wings, are membranous and folded beneath forewings
- mouthparts chewing, mandibulate type

51. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- hind wings, are membranous and folded beneath forewings
- mouthparts chewing, mandibulate type
- larvae variable: vermiform, campodeiform, scarabaeiform, platyform (not shown)

52. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- very adaptable

53. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- very adaptable
- diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species

54. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- very adaptable
- diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species
- eat everything

55. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles

56. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- very adaptable
- diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species
- eat everything
Flower-eating beetle
Bean weevils emerging from seeds

57. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- very adaptable
- diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species
- eat everything
Fungus beetles
Carrion beetle
Dung beetle

58. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- very adaptable
- diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species
- eat everything
tiger beetle
Predaceous diving beetle

59. etcetera…. Telephone pole beetles Water scavenger beetles
Minute moss beetles
Mammal-nest beetles
Hide beetles
Cicada parasite beetles
Wood-boring beetles
Cedar beetles
Fungus beetles
Tooth-necked fungus beetles
Pleasing fungus beetles
Dry-fungus beetles
Wounded tree beetles
Skin beetles
Branch and twing borer beetles
Ship timber beetles
etcetera….

60. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax

62. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
Dytiscidae – Predaceous Diving Beetles (500)

63. video

65. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
Dytiscidae – Predaceous Diving Beetles (500)
Gyrinidae – Whirligig Beetles (56)
- appear to have two sets of eyes – above and below the water line.
- spin around on surface, preying on insects falling on surface

66. video

67. Lateral gills on seg’s 1-9

69. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
Dytiscidae – Predaceous Diving Beetles (500)
Gyrinidae – Whirligig Beetles (56)
- terrestrial; metasternum with transverse suture
3. Carabidae – Ground Beetles (2600) – includes Cicindelinae – Tiger Beetles

72. Calosoma spp.

73. Scaphinotus spp.

74. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
- Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent
- Superfamily Scaraboidea:
antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments
fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum
fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge

75. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
- Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent
- Superfamily Scaraboidea:
antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments
fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum
fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge

76. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
- Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent
- Superfamily Scaraboidea:
antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments
fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum
fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge
- antennal segments of club can’t close
Passalidae – Bessbugs (4):
- body flattened dorsally
- mentum emarginate

77. mentum emarginate

78. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
- Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent
- Superfamily Scaraboidea:
antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments
fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum
fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge
- antennal segments of club can’t close
Passalidae – Bessbugs
Lucanidae – Stag Beetles (24)
- dorsal surface evenly rounded
- mentum simple
Feed on fluids of decaying wood;
Male mandibles for combat

81. ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent
- Superfamily Scaraboidea:
- antennal segments of club can’t close
Passalidae – Bessbugs
Lucanidae – Stag Beetles
- antennal segments of club can close
6. Scarabaeidae – Scarab Beetles (1400)

82. Hercules Beetle
June ‘bugs’
Japanese beetle