1. The Reproductive System
PART 1
The Reproductive System

2. The Reproductive System
Primary sex organs
Testes
Ovaries
Accessory sex organs
Glands
External genitalia
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3. The Male Reproductive System
The scrotum
Skin and superficial fascia surrounding the testes
Positioning provides an environment 3˚ cooler than body temperature
Dartos muscle – layer of smooth muscle
Cremaster muscle – bands of skeletal muscle surrounding the testes
Elevates the testes
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4. The Male Reproductive System
Figure 24.1
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5. The Scrotum – Containing the Testes and Spermatic Cord
Figure 24.2
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6. Are enclosed in a serous sac – the tunica vaginalis
The Testes
Are enclosed in a serous sac – the tunica vaginalis
Tunica albuginea – fibrous capsule of the testes
Divides each testis into 250 – 300 lobules
Lobules contain 1– 4 coiled seminiferous tubules
Epididymis
Comma-shaped structure on posterior testis
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7. The Testes
Figure 24.3a
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8. Spermatic Cord in the Inguinal Canal
Figure 24.7
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9. Carries sperm from ejaculatory ducts to “outside”
The Urethra
Carries sperm from ejaculatory ducts to “outside”
Three parts of male urethra
Prostatic
Membranous
Spongy
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10. The Urethra
Figure 24.8a, b
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11. The Uterine Tubes Figure 24.12
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12. Lies anterior to rectum – posterior to bladder
The Uterus
Lies anterior to rectum – posterior to bladder
Anteverted (anteflexed) usual position of uterus
Parts of the uterus
Fundus – rounded superior portion
Cervix – “neck” of uterus
Cervical canal – communicates with vagina inferiorly
Internal os – opening connecting with uterine cavity
External os – inferior opening of cervix
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13. The Uterus PLAY Female Reproductive Anatomy Figure 24.11
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14. The Uterine Wall Figure 24.18b
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15. Series of cyclic phases of the endometrium
The Uterine Cycle
Series of cyclic phases of the endometrium
Phases coordinate with the ovarian cycle
Endometrial phases directed by FSH and LH
Phases of uterine cycle
Menstrual phase – days 1 – 5
Stratum functionalis is shed
Proliferative phase – days 6 – 14
Secretory phase – days 15 – 28
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16. Series of cyclical changes to endometrium The phases of uterine cycle
The Uterine Cycle
Series of cyclical changes to endometrium
The phases of uterine cycle
Menstrual phase (days 1– 5)
Proliferative phase (days 6 – 14)
Secretory phase (days 15 – 28)
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17. Structural and hormonal changes
The Menstrual Cycle
Structural and hormonal changes
Figure 24.19a, c
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18. The Menstrual Cycle Figure 24.19b, d
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19. Consists of three coats
The Vagina
Consists of three coats
Adventitia – fibrous connective tissue
Muscularis – smooth muscle
Mucosa – marked by transverse folds
Consists of lamina propria and stratified squamous epithelium
Hymen – an incomplete diaphragm
Fornix – recess formed at the superior part of the vagina
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20. The Vagina
Figure 24.12
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21. The Vagina
Figure 24.11
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