1. Human Trafficking: Emerging Trends for Law Enforcement John Vanek, Anti-Human Trafficking Consultant Lieutenant (Ret.), San Jose Police Human Trafficking Task Force

2. States of Awareness Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. 13 th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, 1865

3. States of Awareness Commercial Sexual Exploitation Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children Domestic Minor Sex Trade Forced Labor Forced Servitude Debt Bondage Peonage

4. States of Awareness Federal Efforts: U.S. DOJ Anti-Human Trafficking Task Forces: Identify & Rescue Victims Prosecute Offenders Train Law Enforcement Raise Community Awareness

5. States of Awareness Law Enforcement & Victim-Centered Philosophy Law Enforcement & Multi-Disciplinary Approach

6. States of Awareness State Efforts: Creation of new laws Options for training Coordination of activities

7. States of Awareness California, Penal Code 236.1 (a)Any person who deprives or violates the personal liberty of another with the intent to effect or maintain a felony violation of: enticing a female under 18 into a location for purposes of prostitution; pimping; pandering; abduction of a minor for prostitution; employ a minor to distribute or produce pornography; extortion; or to obtain forced labor or services, is guilty of human trafficking. 3,5,6 years adult victim / 4,6,8 years minor victim

8. States of Awareness Challenges: New terms for Law Enforcement New philosophy for Law Enforcement New laws for Law Enforcement New response model for law enforcement

9. States of Awareness New Victim / Offender Paradigm: Entrepreneurs of the new slavery Yesterdays offender is todays victim Friends & family as offenders

10. States of Awareness Good News – Bad News

11. States of Awareness Bad News – Good News LE awareness Refinement of laws Prosecution experience Avoid low hanging fruit

12. States of Awareness Bad News – Good News LE awareness is rising Refining our approach Training opportunities Community engagement Higher Education

13. States of Awareness Trends: one big one - If you are not finding slavery in your community, You are not looking for slavery in your community.

14. What is the state of your awareness? Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude…shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. 13 th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, 1865 John Vanek, Consultant, Lt. (Ret.) San Jose Police Human Trafficking Task Force