1. Large Combustion Plant Indicators
2nd Eionet NRC workshop on Industrial Pollution

2. LCP = at least 50 MW rated thermal input
Large Combustion Plants
LCP = at least 50 MW rated thermal input
LCP Directive (2001/80/EC) sets limits on SO2, NOx, and dust from LCPs
Replaced by IED (2010/75/EU) in 2016, continues emission limits and inventory reporting requirements

3. Indicator 1 (Drivers): number of LCPs, capacity, fuel consumption
Two LCP indicators
Indicator 1 (Drivers): number of LCPs, capacity, fuel consumption
Indicator 2 (Pressures): LCP emissions of SO2, NOx and dust, and fuel consumption
DPSIR model
Drivers
Pressures
State
Impact
Responses

4. How has the large combustion plant sector evolved?
LCP indicator 1
How has the large combustion plant sector evolved?
How is the LCP sector distributed across Europe?

5. The number of LCPs has increased by 31% between 2004 and 2013
Ind1, Q1: Evolution of LCPs
The number of LCPs has increased by 31% between 2004 and 2013
Installed capacity increased by 18%
Fuel mix stable, but biomass increasing
Other solid fuels (coal) 57% of fuel consumption in 2013

6. Ind1, Q1: Evolution of LCPs

7. 4 countries (Germany, Italy, Poland, UK) dominate LCPs in Europe:
Ind1, Q2: Distribution of LCPs
4 countries (Germany, Italy, Poland, UK) dominate LCPs in Europe:
54% of capacity in 2013
61% of total fuel input in 2013
Sweden + Finland = 30% of EU28 biomass input, but less than 2% of total fuel consumption

8. Ind1, Q2: Distribution of LCPs

9. Ind1, Q2: Distribution of LCPs
Note: some countries did not provide sector information

10. Has the environmental performance of LCPs improved?
LCP Indicator 2
What progress is being made in reducing emissions from LCPs across the European Union?
Has the environmental performance of LCPs improved?

11. Analysis of SO2, NOx and dust emissions by capacity class
Ind2, Q1: Progress in reducing LCP emissions
Analysis of SO2, NOx and dust emissions by capacity class
Between 2004 and 2013, emissions from LCPs in the EU-28 have decreased by:
71% for SO2
40% for NOx
69% for dust

12. Indexed EU-28 LCP emissions from 2004
Ind2, Q1: Progress in reducing LCP emissions
Indexed EU-28 LCP emissions from 2004

13. In 2013, of a total of 3 448 LCPs, 50% of emissions came from just:
Ind2, Q1: Progress in reducing LCP emissions
A small number of plants contribute disproportionately to LCP emissions
In 2013, of a total of LCPs, 50% of emissions came from just:
50 plants for SO2
87 plants for NOx
33 plants for dust

14. Ind2, Q2: Environmental performance of LCPs
Implied emission factors per pollutant (tonnes/TJ), split by capacity class
Implied emission factors per pollutant (tonnes/TJ), split by fuel type (single-fuelled LCPs only)

15. Ind2, Q2: Environmental performance of LCPs
The environmental performance of LCPs improved significantly for LCPs in all capacity classes between 2004 and 2013
Smaller LCPs have higher implied emission factors (IEFs) for each fuel type, but overall lower IEFs

16. Ind2, Q2: Environmental performance of LCPs

17. Highest IEFs for liquid fuels and other solid fuels
Q2: Environmental performance of LCPs
The environmental performance of LCPs improved between 2004 and 2013 for all fuel-pollutant combinations except NOx emissions from biomass
Highest IEFs for liquid fuels and other solid fuels
Lowest IEFs for natural gas

18. Ind2, Q2: Environmental performance of LCPs

19. 27 plants had data considered errors – removed or modified data
Data corrections
27 plants had data considered errors – removed or modified data
Countries will be consulted on these corrections
Gap-filling Croatia’s data ?

20. Thank you for your attention
Katrina Young