1. Assessing Passenger Requirements along the D2D Air Travel Chain
Enabling a seamless passenger journey today and in the future
Annika Paul, Ulrike Kluge
Pictures: fotolia, backpacker-magazin.de

2. Motivation Seamless passenger door-to-door journey
Objectives
Understanding current and future European transport system from passengers’ perspective
Gaining insights into passengers’ expectations, needs, requirements and specific travel behaviour
Mobility concepts capable of providing a door-to-door service to customers, addressing the requirements on demand and supply side
Approach
Analysis of existing data on passenger demand and travel behaviour
Consideration of future demand changes using both qualitative and quantitative data
Pool of intermodal concepts (current and future) which enable seamless passenger journey
Identification of gaps and bottlenecks within the current system and in regard to new concepts and ideas
DATASET2050 Final Dissemination Event,

3. Passenger characteristics Development of passenger profiles
Passenger demand profiles
Identification of six current and six future passenger demand profiles
Analysis of European data (EU28 + EFTA)
Using existing studies on pax profiles
Characterisation according to
Main travel purpose
Age group and income level
Usage of ICT
Length of stay
Travel activity and travel party size
Luggage requirements
Value of time
Access mode choice
Etc.
Future development of demand drivers (eMarketer (2015), ESPAS (2015), Eurostat (2016), Euromonitor International (2013), ifmo (2013), OECD (2008), OECD (2011), PwC (2015), UN (2015), World Business Council For Sustainable Development (2015)
DATASET2050 Final Dissemination Event,

4. Demand profiles in 2035 Examples
DATASET2050 Final Dissemination Event,

5. Distribution of passenger profiles Aligning requirements and solutions accordingly
Future passenger demand
Age structure
Influence on trip-chaining behaviour
Household composition
Tendency towards smaller households
2025: ~40-45% in the UK, Germany
Information and communication technologies
Changing working environment
Increasing social networks
Environmental awareness
Current bias between awareness level and action
Share of future passenger profiles in regards to overall population in 2030 in per cent (Eurostat, 2016)
DATASET2050 Final Dissemination Event,

6. Passenger requirements Matching demand with intermodal approaches
Definition of high-level key performance indicators (KPIs) resulting from passenger requirements for a seamless journey
Repository for existing and future mobility (intermodal) concepts
Data collection on considered mobility concepts to assess each indicator
Benchmarking of mobility concepts across defined KPIs
Comparison of different concepts to assess benefits and drawbacks of each solution
Identification of requirements addressing seamless intermodal passenger transport
Definition of passenger-related key performance indicators
Repository of mobility solutions
Assessment of selected mobility solutions according to obtained metric values
DATASET2050 Final Dissemination Event,

7. Passenger-centric assessment Identification of relevant key performance indicators
DATASET2050 Final Dissemination Event,

8. Piloted Flying Mobility
Intermodal concepts Repository of current and future mobility solutions
Mobility concept repository
Publicly available information
Stakeholder workshop at dissemination event of Mobility4EU project
About 90 different mobility solutions
Identification of eight distinct mobility clusters based on
Distinction by transport mode/ service type
Number of modes included
National / international scope
Degree of market penetration (national / international)
Time of implementation
Conventional
Mobility
Piloted Flying Mobility
Smart
Mobility
Autonomous Mobility On
Demand
Mobility
Integrated
Mobility
Shared
Mobility
Intermodal
Mobility
Mobility cluster and number of mobility solutions within each cluster
DATASET2050 Final Dissemination Event,

9. Modal integration within clusters Number of transport modes within each cluster
DATASET2050 Final Dissemination Event,

10. Assessment of mobility cluster Performance of cluster in regard to passenger requirements
DATASET2050 Final Dissemination Event,

11. Identification of gaps How to meet passenger needs?#
Aggregated gaps and bottlenecks across clusters
High-level action areas 1
Lack of wide coverage of barrier-free mobility solutions and personal assistance if required
Technical / mobility solutions providing easy vehicle access and egress
Availability of provisional personal assistance services 2
Limited availability of pick-up services at home that can be aligned with individual travel requirements
Mobility solutions covering last mile, e.g. providing flexible coverage from door to public transport station 3
Limited provision of offsetting schemes to internalize negative externalities
Implementation of incentives schemes to integrate negative externalities in (transport) pricing structure
Transparent information enabling comparison of transport alternatives in terms of negative externalities, e.g. CO2 emissions 4
Limited integration of services / products / amenities in the different vehicles, thus enabling productive travel time
Integration of communication technologies and to provide a feasible working environment
Dedicated working or recreation space within vehicles if designed for large groups of people 5
Unnecessary buffer times during exchange between transport modes and mobility solutions
Solutions providing real-time travel information and according alignment of travel itineraries
Dedicated interchange platforms between modes to reduce walking distances
DATASET2050 Final Dissemination Event,

12. Summary Where to go from here?
Moving towards a seamless passenger door-to-door journey
Data sharing
Collaboration between transport providers to provide real-time updates and efficient intermodal alignment
Rules and regulations regarding data handling and passenger privacy issues
Legal framework
Liabilities in terms of delays, lost luggage or reimbursements / revenue sharing
Passenger demand pooling
Covering “last mile” which often constitutes a bottleneck within seamless journey
Further work (CAMERA)
Analysis of passenger profiles covering multi-modal and urban transport
Assessment of novel mobility solutions and the respective contribution to future European mobility goals
DATASET2050 Final Dissemination Event,