1. Lateral
Head in lateral position, with the affected side nearest the bucky.
Mandible and the occiput not overshadowing the c. spine.
Interorbital line perpendicular to bucky.
Median sagittal plane parallel to bucky.
Center at a point 2.5 cm above the EAM (midway between glabella and EOP)

2. Lateral
Head in lateral position, with the affected side nearest the bucky
Mandible and the occiput not overshadowing the c. spine
Interorbital line perpendicular to bucky
Median sagittal plane parallel to bucky
Center at a point 2.5 cm above the EAM (midway between glabella and EOP)

3. Radiographic appearance

4. Radioraphic Appearance - Criteria
Entire cranium without rotation or tilt, including mandible & 1-3 cervical vertebrae
Superimposed orbital roofs & greater wings of sphenoid
Superimposed mastoid regions and EAMM
Sella tursica in profile
Penial gland if calcified

5. Fronto-occpital 300 – Towne’s
In AP (supine) position.
Baseline (plane) perpendicular to the bucky.
Median sagittal plane perpendicular to bucky.
Central ray angled 300 caudally directed in midline through midway between EAMM
Cassette displaced down appropriately

6. Fronto-occpital 300 – Towne’s
In AP (supine) position
Baseline (plane) perpendicular to the bucky
Median sagittal plane perpendicular to bucky
Central ray angled 300 caudally directed in midline through midway between EAMM
Cassette displaced down appropriately

7. Towne’s view
Criteria
Dorsam sellae and posterior clinoid processes visible within the foramen magnum.
Symmetric petrous pyramids projected by the side of the foramen magnum.
Equal distance from lateral border of the skull to the lateral margin of the foramen magnum on both sides.

8. Radiographic appearance - Criteria
Dorsam sellae and posterior clinoid processes visible within the foramen magnum
Symmetric petrous pyramids projected by the side of the foramen magnum
Equal distance from lateral border of the skull to the lateral margin of the foramen magnum on both sides.