1. B-mode ultrasonographic characterization of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients 
Jennifer K. Grogan, MD, Wael E. Shaalan, MD, Hongwei Cheng, MD, Bruce Gewertz, MD, Tina Desai, MD, Gretchen Schwarze, MD, Seymour Glagov, MD, Laurie Lozanski, RVT, Andrea Griffin, RVT, Maria Castilla, RVT, Hisham S. Bassiouny, MD 
Journal of Vascular Surgery 
Volume 42, Issue 3, Pages (September 2005)
DOI: /j.jvs
Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
Preoperative high-resolution B-mode ultrasonographic longitudinal view of carotid plaque with varying degrees of echolucency. Echolucency was graded subjectively as predominantly echogenic (A) or predominantly echolucent (B) if >50% of its area was involved. A plaque was classified as calcific (C) if there was significant acoustic shadowing interfering with pulsed Doppler sampling. ICA, internal carotid artery; CCAD, common carotid artery (distal); ECA, external carotid artery.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs )
Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
Intact endarterectomized plaques were embedded in gelatin with a 5-mm echogenic scale (A). The ex vivo plaques were then subjected to B-mode ultrasonography. Serial cross-sectional views were obtained at 2- to 3-mm intervals, with an average of 12 sections/plaque (range 8-20). Images were then stored digitally on a magneto-optical disk (B).
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs )
Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
Ex vivo gray-scale median analysis of cross-sectional views of endarterectomized plaques. A, Predominantly echolucent plaque (gray-scale median [GSM] = 28) with histogram demonstrating gray-scale frequency distribution of pixels in the selected area (plaque) using a standardized linear scale. B, Predominantly echogenic plaque (GSM = 98) with corresponding histogram. U/S, ultrasonography.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs )
Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

5. Fig 4
Histopathologic section of an asymptomatic plaque with the necrotic core (NC) delineated and quantified with histomorphometry (hematoxylin and eosin, ×40). L, lumen; FC, fibrous cap.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs )
Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

6. Fig 5
Bar graph of the histomorphometric quantitative characterization of symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid plaques.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs )
Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

7. Fig 6
Correlation between gray-scale median (GSM) analysis and percentage of area of necrotic core was –0.9 (P < .001), indicative of the strong association between echolucency (low GSM score) and percentage of necrotic core area.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs )
Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

8. Fig 7
Receiver operating characteristic curve for differentiating between asymptomatic and symptomatic groups based on gray-scale median (GSM). A cutoff point of 47% yielded the highest sensitivity and specificity.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs )
Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

9. Fig 8
Receiver operating characteristic curve for differentiating between asymptomatic and symptomatic groups based on the percentage of necrotic core area. A cutoff point of 29% yielded the highest sensitivity and specificity.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs )
Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions