1. Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
Hyspan was founded in 1968 by Don Heye. A 1500 sq ft downtown San Diego, previously a topless bar (19th street Club), was renovated for new business. The company grew and expanded six times to include the purchase of a building across the street for a total of 25,000 sq ft. In 1983, the 54,000 sq ft Chula Vista facility was built. A private held company that was sold to the employees as a 100% ESOP in 2016.
Manufacturing started with small bellows for the aeronautical industry and soon grew to become larger more complex designed bellows for the marine industry. Today bellows are required in pipe systems within many markets from HVAC- Commercial to Heavy Industrial, Chemical and Refining.
Over the years of acquisitions and growth, Hyspan is the only manufacturer of all types of METAL expansion joints – Bellows, Braided Hose, Slip joints and Barco Ball joints.
Other pipe products included in the company purchases which we continue to manufacture and promote, are venturis (flow measurement), pipe guides, struts and vibrasnubbers (vibration and structural support).
Hyspan Introduction and Training 101

2. Hyspan Family of Companies
Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
Hyspan Family of Companies
Hyspan Precision Products, Inc., Since 1968
Bellows Joints & Braided Hose Connectors
Barco, Since 1908
Ball Joints, Strut Joints, Vibrasnubbers, Venturis
Universal Metal Hose, Since 1923
Braided Hose Connectors, Spiral Wound Hose Connectors
Anaconda Company, Since 1908
Bellows Joints and Braided Hose Connectors
Flexible Metal Inc., Since 1957
Our family of companies with long histories and quality products, include Barco, Universal Metal Hose, Anaconda, and Flexible Metal Hose.
1986 Hyspan purchased the tooling, manufacturing and marketing rights for the Perma Pak Slip Expansion Joints from Fetterhof Corporation of Pennsylvania. After significant improvements to the design it is the Hyspan 6500 Series, Perma Pak slip joints.
September 1989 the purchase of National Standard Company for the wire braid products and equipment.
July 1993 Hyspan purchased the Ball Joint product line from Barco Products, which was founded in Barco, the inventor of the Ball Joint for the Railroad car steam systems was a recognized world’s foremost innovator.
In 1995, Hyspan acquired the assets of Universal Metal Hose in Chicago, IL. The 55 year old company added flexible corrugated metal hose, strip wound flexible metal hose and tubular braided wire which expanded (no pun intended) the Hyspan respected line of piping products.
In 1998 Hyspan initiated the manufacture operations in Mexico to ensure future growth in competitive markets.

3. Hyspan Corporate Manufacturing Sites
Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
Hyspan Corporate Manufacturing Sites
Hyspan Precision Products, Inc., Chula Vista, CA
1500 Universal, 1500 Hinge & Gimbal, R & D, Any bellows if needed
Hyspan de Mexico, Tijuana, BC, Mexico
1500 LAM, 2500, 3500, 5500, 6500, 6600 BJ, 8500, 9500 Guides, Venturis
Universal Metal Hose, South Holland, IL
4500 Straight, 4500 V-Flex, Vibration Eliminators
Flexible Metal Inc., Tucker, GA
High Volume Off-Road Bellows, Oil Drain, EGR Tube
Flexible Metal Inc., Hamburg, MI,
High Volume On-Road Bellows, Oil Drain, EGR Tube, Manifold
Flexible Metals.r.o, Czech Republic
High Volume On/Off-Road Bellows, Oil Drain, EGR Tube, Manifold to support the European market
Hyspan Corporate Manufacturing sites to include the Flexible Metal sites supporting the engine and automotive industries.

4. Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
Markets
HVAC, Commercial, Plumbing Industrial & Municipal Power Petrochemical Oil & Gas Scientific & Research OEM Military Aerospace Marine Pharmaceutical
Expansion Joints and pipe motion products are supplied into many markets. Hyspan has focused on HVAC and Light Industrial since the 90’s but also Hyspan was one of the quality front runners supplying complex designs to the Refining industry since the early 80’s.
Wherever there is hot or extremely cold piping (pipe expansion or contraction), there is a need for pipe loops or expansion joints. Expansion joints are also added to pipe systems to reduce pipe stress and increase pipe flexibility.

5. Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
Expansion Joint 101
Expansion Joint Training 101 – the basics.

6. Why do you need expansion joints? What is an Expansion joint?
Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
Why do you need expansion joints? What is an Expansion joint?
Thermal change increasing or decreasing pipe length
Stress reduction including Settlement and/or Seismic motions
Vibration reduction at pumps, compressors, turbines/engines
…ADD Flexibility to a pipe system
Why do you need expansion joints? What is an Expansion joint?
Thermal change increasing or decreasing pipe length. When pipe heats up it expands or grows when pipe is cold it contracts and shortens. When the pipe is anchored properly, the motion between the anchors needs to be accommodated.
Stress reduction including Settlement and/or Seismic motions. Tank settlement could be a real issue over time – dependent on the size and weight and density of the ground inches over 20 years may be requested in the Louisiana area. Earthquakes shake, rattle and roll structures with attached piping. Hospitals and universities with power plants have critical requirements – heat and power shut down is not an option. Hyspan expansion joints (Tied Universal) and ball joints are solutions.
Vibration reduction at pumps, compressors, turbines/engines
… Expansion Joints ADD Flexibility to a pipe system

7. Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
3 General Services
Thermal Expansion & Contraction
Steam, Condensate, Hot Water, Cryogenics, Chilled Water, Fluid Catalytic Cracking Process
Equipment Stress Reduction
Tank Settlement, Seismic, Steam Turbine Connectors
Vibration Reduction
Pump Connection, Compressor Connection, Rotating Equipment, Dynamic Flow
The three general services.
Piping motion product applications fall into one of three categories as a minimum. In some cases they can fall into more than one category.
Thermal Expansion & Contraction
Steam, Condensate, Hot Water, Cryogenics, Chilled Water, Fluid Catalytic Cracking Process
Equipment Stress Reduction
Seismic, Steam Turbine Connectors and Tank Settlement (nozzle loading)
Vibration Reduction
Pump Connection, Compressor Connection, Rotating Equipment, Dynamic Flow

8. 4 Types of Metal Expansion Joints
Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
4 Types of Metal Expansion Joints
Only Hyspan manufactures all four technologies
Hyspan is the only company in the world to manufacture all four technologies, Bellows Joints, Slip Joints, Ball Joints, Braided Metal Hose,
uniquely qualifies us to not only determine the best solution, but rank solutions, and discuss multiple solutions for an application.
Bellows Joints, Slip Joints, Ball Joints, Braided Metal Hose

9. Bellows Expansion Joints
Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
Bellows Expansion Joints
Bellows Element consists of convolutions, convoluted length, inside diameter, outside diameter, neck and material thickness. The convolutions have pitch, height , crest, side wall and root. Hyspan considers the convoluted length the distance to the tangent of the neck (where it turns and becomes flat).
A pressurized system has pressure forces calculated per the common formula F = PA
Where the F= pressure thrust force (tensile force reaction of the pipe material), P = maximum or design pressure of the system and A = cross sectional area. The force is reacted by pipe elbows, anchors or equipment. When space is limited, weight is a concern and loops are not an option - Expansion joints are added to the system.
What happens when you cut the pipe and add the expansion joint ? You still have F = PA where F = pressure thrust force, P = maximum or design pressure of the system and A= Effective area using a mean diameter calculation of the bellows ID and OD.
Reference the Technical Notes Booklet and our website for a detailed more technical description of Pressure Thrust Force.
Basically, thrust force is the miss match or unbalanced pressure forces created by the cross sectional surface of the bellows element. These unbalanced forces pull the bellows out or will stretch the bellows unless reacted by anchors. The anchors react the forces and ensure the expansion joint bellows works as designed. Anchors react the forces induced by the expansion joint and therefore ensure any growth of the pipe is pushed back into the joint.
More on this topic (pressure thrust force) in 102 training.

10. Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
Bellows Movements
Lateral or offset motion is the displacement of the ends perpendicular to the longitudinal centerline with
the end planes remaining parallel. The longitudinal centerline is shaped into a compound curve with the
convolutions deforming in a similar manner.
Angular motion is the rotation or angulation of the end planes relative to each other, which results in the
longitudinal centerline becoming an arc. The convolutions are extended along the outer radius of the arc, and
compressed along the inside radius.
Torsion or twisting is rotation around the longitudinal centerline of the bellows and is sometimes confused
with angular motion. A bellows does not absorb torsional displacement, and although a bellow can react
torsional moments, they should be avoided if at all possible.
Bellows can absorb these movements as individual motions or in any combination and in multiple planes.
Aside from the physical limitations of deflecting a bellows without damaging it, the design is normally based
on specified cyclic movements for a given fatigue life at the operating pressure and temperature. The accepted
method for equating axial, lateral and angular motions is outlined in the Standards of the Expansion Joint
Manufacturers Association, Inc.

11. Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
How we make a Bellows
How does Hyspan make a bellows element?
Hyspan designs and mechanically forms the bellows per EJMA (Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association) current 10th Edition.
The standard material 304 Stainless steel sheet (thickness ranging from .006” to .125”) is rolled and flat bed welded into a tube. Only longitudinal welds are allowed. Formed bellows are made from single tube or multiple tubes and convolutions formed by expanding internal mandrels (EJMA Section ). The material is drawn from the top and bottom minimizing stresses and thinning of the material.
Many different materials are used for bellows design dependent an the application and specifications.
Stainless steels 300 series (304,316,321,347H, 310) are most common however Inconel Alloys(625, 617, 800H) are used for corrosion resistance, temperature and strength allowables.

12. Multiply Bellows – Redundant Plies
Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
Multiply Bellows – Redundant Plies
Multiply bellows are designed to allow flexibility and pressure requirements. A thin material thickness, multiply will add more flexibility therefore more motion to the design. The additional plies will also hold higher design pressure.
Redundant plies are plies put together but each ply will hold full pressure design. The redundant ply designs are normally used with a testable bellows port so the end user may monitor the inner ply for failure. If the inner ply fails, the port gauge registers the system pressure and allows the end user to prepare for replacement during a scheduled outage.

13. Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
End Fittings
End Fittings are added to the bellows element to transform it to an Expansion joint.
Flanges: Plate Flanges, ANSI -ASME 16.5 standard RFSO or FFSO or RFWN – Raised Face Slip On, Flat Faced Slip On, Raised Face Weld Neck Forged Flanges
Vanstoned or Lap Joint Floating Flanged Ends are where the Vanstone Material (normally similar material to the bellows) wraps around the flange. This is common for large diameter exhaust joints where the ‘wetted surfaces’ (the parts the media touches) needs to be stainless steel. The flanges are protected by the vanstone material and therefore can remain carbon steel - a more economical material and design. The Lap joint is the same concept and used at higher pressures and more stringent specifications.

14. Hardware – Rods, Hinges, Gimbals
Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
Hardware – Rods, Hinges, Gimbals
Tie Rods, Gimbal, Hinge
Adjustment Rods
Control Rods, Pantographic Linkage
Hardware configurations may be added to expansion joint designs.
Tie Rods, Gimbal, Hinge: Devises, usually rods or assemblies made from rod, plate and pipe whose primary function is to react the full Pressure Thrust Force at operating and test conditions, and to allow lateral offset. They can also function as limit stops to prevent over travel of the individual bellows elements of a universal expansion joint, and to stabilize the center spool of a universal expansion joint.
Adjustment Rods: Devises, usually rods or assemblies made from threaded rod whose primary function is to allow adjustment of Expansion joint overall length at time of installation. Adjustment rods are not designed to react pressure thrust force.
Control Rods, Pantographic Linkage: Devises normally made from rod or bar installed to limit the travel of each individual bellows in a universal expansion joint to the rated motion. Control rods are not designed to react pressure thrust force.

15. Equalizing / Reinforcing Rings
Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
Equalizing / Reinforcing Rings
Equalizing Rings - Reinforcing Rings: External rings installed between each convolution of a bellows and at the ends with a cross section that approximates the shape of a compressed convolution. They reinforce the bellows against internal pressure, and limit the movement of each convolution to the rated travel.

16. Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
Other Options
Flow Liners-
Single,Telescoping
Covers - Shrouds
Flow Liners- Single,Telescoping
A flow liner is sometimes referred to as an internal sleeve and is designed to isolate the internal surface of the bellows from the impingement of the flowing fluid. It eliminates bellows resonance resulting for the flow induced vibration (turbulence), and provides a thermal barrier as a result of the stagnant flow between the liner and bellows . Most flow is unidirectional and the liner is welded to the upstream end. The direction of the flow is marked on the exterior of the expansion joint. For bi-directional flow a Telescoping Flow Liner may be recommended.
Covers - Shrouds
A shield or shroud that covers the outside surface of a bellows to provide protection from mechanical damage or arc strikes. It may also be used to retain external insulation around the bellows, or as a uniform surface for insulation installed on the outside of the cover.

17. Hyspan EJ Training Level 1
The End
Any Questions call your Hyspan sales support team in Chula Vista, CA !
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