1. Roman Society & Culture

2. Journal #
Caesar was initially part of a ___________, or group of three that governed Rome
Why was Caesar killed? Who killed him?
Who established the Roman Empire?
Who held most of the power in the Empire? Why didn’t this lead to conflict?
What was the Pax Romana?

3. Romans-Slave Masters?
Imperialism-establishing control of foreign lands and territories
Conquer & Control---what to do with those you defeat? Make them work for you!
Latifundia-large farming estates bought by the wealthy---who will do the work?
As much as ½ of Rome’s population were slaves
Parallel in American History?

6. Society Patrician v. Plebeian Public Entertainment -Circuses
-Gladiatorial Combat
-Public Baths
Family
Slavery
What was Rome’s Cultural Legacy?

7. Patrician v. Plebeian

8. Patrician v. Plebeian Patricians spent much of their time in Politics
Public officials not paid, so only the wealthy could afford to hold office
Nearly ¾ of Rome’s 1 Million citizens lived in crowded areas
How do you keep the “Mob” happy?
BREAD AND CIRCUSES***
Gratuitous Violence & Free Food!

9. Family Structure Patriarchal Society
Paterfamilias-Head of the Household, typically oldest male
Emphasized simplicity, religious devotion & obedience (esp. for “Good Women”)
Women could do little w/out Male Guardian
Adoption was hugely important to Romans
Families w/ no sons would adopt to continue the name, or to displace a natural heir (How Caesar emerged)

10. Public Baths Signified Roman attention to Hygiene & health
Worship/Ritual for Gods & Goddesses

11. Public Entertainment Circuses Held Chariot Races Hugely popular
Could hold up to 250,000 people

13. Gladiatorial Combat Took place in the Coliseum
Huge amphitheater that seated 50,000!
Major Public Spectacles
Kept the Masses distracted from Social Ills
Gladiator 1st Colosseum Fights- Tj8UlZSsCQ
Gladiator: Maximus v. Retired Gladiator- mlYKiLBHI
Gladiator (Are You Not Entertained?)- bBiXPVKuTA

14. Roman Culture
Science
Engineering
Architecture
Language

15. Science
Romans typically less interested in Original Scientific Research
Preferred to Collect & Organize Information; Practical
Opposite of Greeks, who sought knowledge for the sake of knowledge

16. Science
Ptolemy
Synthesized knowledge of others into single theory in Astronomy
Earth=Center of the Universe

17. Engineering In Cities, focused on building water & sewage systems
Improving farming methods, building roads, bridges, amphitheatres & public buildings
Aqueducts- Man made channels used to bring water to cities; integral to the growth of Roman cities
Urban Planning- grid system of roads, temples, baths theatres & a central forum; present in modern day EU cities

20. Roman Architecture Round Arch & Vault
-Allowed Romans to construct much larger buildings
Found throughout Southern Europe, North Africa & Southwest Asia
Inspiration for Architects
-Michelangelo
-Thomas Jefferson

21. Latin Roman language based on Latin
Root of several present day languages
French, Italian, Spanish, Romanian, Portuguese, parts of English

22. Rome-What They Left Behind
Roman Republic
Public Entertainment
Imperialism
Agrarian, slave-based society
Architecture-blueprint for Europe today