1. Volume 15, Issue 7, Pages 1058-1069 (July 2018)
Cardiac electrical dyssynchrony is accurately detected by noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging 
Laura R. Bear, PhD, Peter R. Huntjens, MSc, Richard D. Walton, PhD, Olivier Bernus, PhD, Ruben Coronel, PhD, MD, Rémi Dubois, PhD 
Heart Rhythm 
Volume 15, Issue 7, Pages (July 2018)
DOI: /j.hrthm
Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Experimental and postprocessing workflow. A: Torso-tank experimental setup with Langendorff perfused pig heart. B: Representative ablation lesions. C: Three-dimensional fluoroscopy scan of (left) full torso and (right) segmented tank (red) and sock (yellow) electrodes. D: Epicardial potentials were reconstructed using ECGi. Derived ATs and electrical dyssynchrony markers were compared to sock recordings. AT = activation time; ECGi = electrocardiographic imaging; LV = left ventricle; RV = right ventricle.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
A: Representative recorded sock activation maps around the ventricular epicardium (gray) with left anterior descending artery (LAD) (black). Activation maps during sinus rhythm in control (left) and increasing degrees of LBBB (middle and right). B: Histogram of ATs over RV + LV (black), LV (red), and RV (green) electrodes. C: Histogram of time to RS recorded from left (red) and right (green) torso electrodes. Limb lead I is overlaid (black). AT = activation time; ECGi = electrocardiographic imaging; LBBB = left bundle branch block; LV = left ventricle; RV = right ventricle.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
A: Representative recorded activation maps for RV (left), LV (middle), and BiV (right) pacing. B: Histogram of ATs over RV + LV (black), LV (red), and RV (green) electrodes. C: Histogram of time to RS from the left (red) and right (green) torso with limb lead I (black). AT = activation time; BiV = biventricular; LV = left ventricle/ventricular; RV = right ventricle/ventricular.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

5. Figure 4
Box plots of electrical dyssynchrony markers derived from (A–C) torso potentials and (D–G) recorded (gray) and ECGi-derived (white) sock electrograms during control-SR (n = 4), LBBB-SR (n = 13), and LBBB-BiV pacing (n = 7). Diamonds indicate means and red crosses outliers. Distributions significantly different to ∗control-SR and ∗∗LBBB-SR values (P < .05). AT = activation time; BiV = biventricular; D-LR = interventricular delay; ECGi = electrocardiographic imaging; LBBB = left bundle branch block; LV = left ventricle/ventricular; QRSd = QRS duration; SD = standard deviation; SR = sinus rhythm; TAT = total activation time.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

6. Figure 5
A: (Left) Recorded and (right) ECGi-derived activation maps for 2 LBBB-SR hearts. B: Scatter and box plot for localization error of the site of latest activation (n = 13; LBBB-SR). AT = activation time; ECGi = electrocardiographic imaging; LBBB = left bundle branch block; LV = left ventricle; RV = right ventricle; SR = sinus rhythm.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

7. Figure 6
Box plots of metrics comparing recorded and ECGi-derived ATs for all and each sequence type. Diamonds indicate means and red crosses outliers. ∗Significant difference to unmarked distributions (P < .001). AT = activation time; BiV = biventricular; ECGi = electrocardiographic imaging; LBBB = left bundle branch block; LV = left ventricular; R = Pearson correlation coefficient; RMSE = root mean square error; RV = right ventricular; SR = sinus rhythm; SRes = root mean square error of the linear regression residuals.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions

8. Figure 7
Bland-Altman plots of recorded and ECGi-derived electrical dyssynchrony markers, with mean difference (solid) and limits of agreement (dashed) lines overlain. Data collected from SR and pacing beats. D-LR = interventricular delay; ECGi = electrocardiographic imaging; LV = left ventricular; R = Pearson correlation coefficient; RMSE = root mean square error; SD = standard deviation; SR = sinus rhythm; SRes = root mean square error of the linear regression residuals; TAT = total activation time.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2018 The Authors Terms and Conditions