1. ISC Chapter Six Notes
Direct Manipulation

2. Direct manipulation explained by the principle of virtuality
a representation of reality that can be manipulated
and by the principle of transparency
the user is able to apply intellect to the task, but the tool (computer) itself seems to disappear
November 24, 2018
Jeffrey P. Landry, Ph. D.

3. Driving a car command-driven interface direct manipulation
TURN WHEEL LEFT 30 DEGREES
direct manipulation
scene is visible through front window
driver rotates physical wheel
scene changes (with little delay)
driver uses feedback to refine turn
November 24, 2018
Jeffrey P. Landry, Ph. D.

4. Evolution of word processors
line editors
full-screen editors
WYSIWYG
what you see is what you get
November 24, 2018
Jeffrey P. Landry, Ph. D.

5. Problems w/ direct manipulation
limited screen space
learning use of components
misleading
pointing, mouse may be slower than typing for expert user
November 24, 2018
Jeffrey P. Landry, Ph. D.

6. Force feedback haptic Examples:
the use of touch and force feedback in an interface design
good for sight-impaired users
Examples:
the “click” of keyboard keys
November 24, 2018
Jeffrey P. Landry, Ph. D.

7. Home automation VCR interfaces light switches
“looking at” vs. “being in”
November 24, 2018
Jeffrey P. Landry, Ph. D.

8. References
Shneiderman, Ben, Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction, 1998, Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., Reading, MA, 1998
November 24, 2018
Jeffrey P. Landry, Ph. D.