1. The Digestive System

2. Major Functions of the Digestive System
Break down ingested food
Put nutrients into the bloodstream
Remove waste from the body

3. Organs of the Digestive System
Mouth- teeth, salivary glands, tongue
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Pancreas
Liver
Gall bladder
Accessory
Organs

4. Mouth Digestion begins here!
Teeth and tongue are used in mechanical digestion- physical breakdown of food
Saliva and enzymes begin chemical digestion- chemical breakdown of food

5. Esophagus Muscular tube that connects mouth to stomach
Moves food downward by peristalsis, or muscular contractions
Epiglottis seals off windpipe during swallowing to prevent choking

6. Stomach- Mechanical and Chemical Digestion
Muscular pouch that expands to hold your food
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and the enzyme pepsin combine to form gastric juice
A gummy coating of mucus protects the stomach lining from the strong chemicals
Chyme, a thick liquid containing partially digested food, is produced here

7. Small Intestine Most chemical digestion occurs here!
Inner surface is covered in villi and microvilli, millions of tiny finger-like projections that absorb nutrient molecules from the chyme
The villi create a large surface area so
as many nutrients as possible can be a
absorbed
Longest portion of the digestive tract

8. Liver
Makes bile to break up fat
Stores nutrients
Breaks down toxins

9. Gallbladder
Temporarily stores bile and releases it into the small intestines

10. Pancreas Makes digestive enzymes
Makes hormones that regulate sugar levels

11. Large Intestine No digestion occurs here
Water is absorbed from remaining food
Bacteria feed on material passing through and produce Vitamins (K) vital to our health
Waste material, feces, is prepared for elimination from the body

12. Rectum
Stores feces until they can be expelled through the anus.

13. The End!