1. Writing Equations
Saturday, 24 November 2018

2. Writing Equations
Specification
Be able to write balanced full and ionic equations, including state symbols, for chemical reactions
Be able to relate ionic and full equations, with state symbols, to observations from simple test tube reactions, to include:
Displacement reactions
Reactions of acids
Precipitation reactions

3. Witting Equations
Describe observations for chemical tests
Predict the products formed for reactions
Construct symbol equations for reactions
Use state symbols in equations
Construct ionic equations for reactions
Use solubility rules to predict the nature of the precipitate

4. Ionic Equations
Ionic equations only show the reacting particles and products
Charges and atoms must balance

5. State Symbols
State symbols are put after each reactant and product in an equation
They tell you the state of matter things are in
s = solid
l = liquid
g = gas
aq = aqueous (solution in water)

6. Simple test tubes reactions
Displacement reactions, a more reactive element reacts to take the place of a less reactive element in a compound
Neutralisation reactions are when bases react with acids. A salt and water are formed, sometimes other products are made like carbon dioxide
When an acid reacts with a metal a salt and hydrogen is made
In precipitation reactions an insoluble solid is formed

7. Potassium chloride + Silver nitrate KCl + AgNO3
Demonstration
Potassium chloride + Silver nitrate
KCl + AgNO3
What happens in this reaction?
What will the products be?
Which product will be a precipitate?
Rules of solubility

8. The following reaction needs warming in a fume cupboard
Demonstration
The following reaction needs warming in a fume cupboard
Ammonium chloride + sodium hydroxide
NH4Cl + NaOH

9. Complete the reactions in test tubes.
Investigation
Complete the reactions in test tubes.
You need to record your observations and predict the products in a suitable table (1 mark each)
Then you need to write ionic equations for each reaction, include state symbols (1 mark each)
Total 10 marks
NaOH  0.1 M
Carbonate  solid
BaCl2  0.1 M

10. Sulfuric acid + Sodium hydroxide H2SO4 + NaOH
Nitric Acid + Magnesium
HNO3 + Mg
Sodium sulfate + Barium Chloride
Na2SO4 + BaCl2
Potassium iodide + Chlorine
KI + Cl2
Then add cyclohexane (in fume cupboard)

11. Magnesium + Copper sulphate Mg + CuSO4
Bubble through limewater
Calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid
CaCO3 + HCl
Demo only The following reaction needs warming in a fume cupboard
Ammonium chloride + sodium hydroxide
NH4Cl + NaOH
You may use your text books and any other materials you have to help
Text book pages 94 – 115,

12. Writing Equations
Specification
Be able to write balanced full and ionic equations, including state symbols, for chemical reactions
Be able to relate ionic and full equations, with state symbols, to observations from simple test tube reactions, to include:
Displacement reactions
Reactions of acids
Precipitation reactions

13. Witting Equations
Describe observations for chemical tests
Predict the products formed for reactions
Construct symbol equations for reactions
Use state symbols in equations
Construct ionic equations for reactions
Use solubility rules to predict the nature of the precipitate