1. Slavery and Westward Expansion

2. Why expand? More land Was it enough?
Florida, Louisiana territory, and Oregon Territory
Was it enough?
New Mexico, Texas, and California

4. Manifest Destiny
“The Americans claims by the right of our manifest destiny to overspread and possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty and…self-government entrusted to us.” - John L. O’Sullivan 1. According to this quote what is manifest destiny?

5. Moving West Wagon Trains on Trails 1851- Treaty of Fort Laramie
Texas revolts against Mexico ( )
Texas Annexation (1845)
Mexican American War ( )
James K. Polk
Between 1840 and ,000 americans will cross the continent to settle on the west coast
Sante Fe Trail, Oregon Trail, and California Trail
Start in St. Louis, Missouri
1851- ft Laramie- restricted plains natives to certain territories
Texas revolts
Tejanos and Anglo-Texans
Santa Anna vs Sam Houston and the Alamo
At first Mexico encouraged settlement by americans, but they had to convert to Catholicism and eventually give up their slaves, moved for the land opportunity but once there was a majority of americans there they decided to revolt against the Mexican government and won their independence, applied for state hood
Mexican American war- border dispute started by polk will lead to an al out war, some americans very unhappy but we were able to win the war and we got all of the land north of the riogrande river

6. Moving West Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Gadsden Purchase
Gold Rush!!!! (1849)
16x population in 5 years
California and statehood-
Slave or free
Treaty-New Mexico territory, California, US paid 18 million dollars
Gadsden purchase- purchased land south of the rio grande because the south wanted to be the first to build a transcontinental RR
Gold rush- 1849
California massive state- will it tip the balance of power in Washington?

8. Long Term Causes of the Civil War
Sectionalism
South, Northwest, and Northeast
Slavery- “Peculiar Institution”
Abolitionist movement- Frederick Douglas, Harriet Tubman, and William Lloyd Garrison
The Liberator and Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Westward Expansion
Republican Party (1854)
Sectionalism-
2/3 of whit population in south did not own slaves, cultures were very different- stemmed from different settlement patterns and different eucation
Slavery-
Argued they were better of as slaves, better treated then factory workers in the north- fed clothed and housed by masters
Westward expansion- as we expand are the new territories going to be free or slave
Republican Party- was not against slavery in the south, just the expansion of it to the west
southerners felt they needed to keep a balance of control in legislative branch

9. Long Term Causes of the Civil War
The Breakdown of Compromise
The Missouri Compromise (1820)
Compromise of 1850
Fugitive Slave Act
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
Bleeding Kansas ( )
Wilmot Proviso (failed)
Missouri comprmise- Missouri wanted to enter as a slave state, but would throw off the balance in congress so Maine entered as a free state to keep the balance, set up the precedent for how to enter into union. Also created a line that said everythin north of Missouri’s southern border will be free everything south will be slave
Compromise of Cal entered as a free state, All the territories gained from Mexico during war would be decided by popular sovereignty, The slave trade stops in Washington DC, and The Fugitive Slave Act is put into place
Kansas Nebraksa act- these territories will be decided by popular sovereignty- will lead to bleading Kansas bc there are two groups of people that are very passionate about their cause all in one place
Wilmot Proviso- last attempt to keep southern states from seceding and it fails

10. Long Term Causes of the Civil War
Differences in Constitutional Interpretation: State’s Rights
Nullification Crisis under Jackson
States created the federal government and therefore can nullify or secede
States rights- 10th amendment- states right to choose if it want slavery or no, the south believed the state governments should be more powerful than the federal government therefore could nullify or secede if it wanted.

11. Frederick Douglas Video
douglass/videos/the-meaning-of-july-4th-for-the-negro