1. APK: The Principles
Answer the questions about the image using the proper response techniques we have been working on.
1- What do you see?
2- What do you think this represents?
3- What can you predict will happen to the house?
4- In order for this house to be safe, what needs to happen?
5- What connection do you think this image has with government?

2. Principles Underlying the Constitution
2.01: Identify principles in the United States Constitution.

3. 5 Principles
The Framers embraced five principles as the backbone of the Constitution:
popular sovereignty
rule of law
separation of powers
checks and balances
federalism

4. Popular Sovereignty
Article IV guarantees a republic, in which supreme power belongs to the people (popular sovereignty).
The people express their will through elected representatives.
Provisions, such as those about the right to vote, ensure popular sovereignty.

5. How was popular sovereignty portrayed by...
English citizens?
Magna Carta
Glorious Revolution
Parliament made up of representatives that the people elected
Growth of democratic government
American colonists?
Creation of colonial governments
Town meetings
Declaration of Independence
Framers of the Constitution?
“We the People…”
Gov’t must always reflect the will of the people
Will of people expressed through elections

6. Rule of Law
Government is limited by the rule of law. This means that the law applies to everyone, even those who govern.
No One Is Above The Law!

7. Separation of Powers
To keep any one person or group from becoming too powerful, the Framers divided government into three branches with different functions.
This split of authority among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches is called the separation of powers.

8. Baron de Montesquieu
French philosopher Baron de Montesquieu believed that the best way to protect the liberty of the people was to clearly separate the legislative, executive and judicial functions and assign each to a separate governmental branch.

9. Checks and Balances
Checks and balances keep any one branch from becoming too powerful. Each branch can check, or restrain, the power of the others.
For example, the president can veto laws, Congress can block presidential appointments, and the Supreme Court can overturn laws it finds contrary to the Constitution.

11. State of North Carolina
Federalism
Under federalism, power is shared by the national government and the states. Americans must obey the laws of both.
U.S. Government
State of North Carolina
Forsyth County
Winston-Salem

13. Expressed and Reserved Powers
Enumerated or expressed powers are powers the Constitution specifically grants to the national government.
Powers not given to the national government are reserved powers kept by the states.
National Government = Enumerated/Expressed Powers
State Government = Reserved Powers

14. Concurrent Powers
Powers that both levels of government can exercise are concurrent powers.
Concurrent powers include the power to enforce the laws, establish courts, collect taxes, borrow money, and provide for the general welfare.
Expressed
Concurrent
Reserved

15. The Supremacy Clause
What happens if there is a conflict between Federal and State authority?
When national and state laws conflict, the Constitution is the final authority. Neither the national nor state governments may act in violation of it.

16. Flexibility The Elastic Clause (Necessary and Proper Clause)
Implied Powers
Loose Constructionist
“Living Document”
Ability of the Constitution to be changed over time.

17. Class Quiz

18. Powers kept by state governments alone are called ___.
Concurrent Powers
State Powers
Enumerated Powers
Reserved Powers

19. Powers kept by state governments alone are called ___.
Concurrent Powers
State Powers
Enumerated Powers
Reserved Powers

20. Popular Sovereignty is the notion that power lies with ____.
The Wealthy
The King
The People
The Government

21. Popular Sovereignty is the notion that power lies with ____.
The Wealthy
The King
The People
The Government

22. Which principle of government makes the governed and those who govern equally accountable to the law?
Popular Sovereignty
The Rule of Law
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances

23. Which principle of government makes the governed and those who govern equally accountable to the law?
Popular Sovereignty
The Rule of Law
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances

24. Which of the following is an expressed power of the national government?
To collect taxes
To conduct elections
To coin and print money
To establish public school systems

25. Which of the following is an expressed power of the national government?
To collect taxes
To conduct elections
To coin and print money
To establish public school systems