1. Notes – Enzymes

2. Chemical Reactions
Reactant compounds are changed into product compounds
EX: CO2 + H2O  H2CO3
Some chemical reactions happen spontaneously and others require help
EX: H2O2  H2O + O2 (g)
Catalyst = something that speeds a chemical reaction
Demonstrate the H2O2 reaction with SL Bio materials and question students on the type of reaction

3. Enzymes are protein catalysts
Enzymes are chains of amino acids
The chain of amino acids folds into a specific shape

4. Enzymes are protein catalysts
Enzymes are chains of amino acids
The chain of amino acids folds into a specific shape
The shape of the enzyme needs to match the shape of the reactants
Reactants that require an enzyme are called substrates

5. Enzymes are protein catalysts

6. Enzymes are protein catalysts
Enzymes are chains of amino acids
The chain of amino acids folds into a specific shape
The shape of the enzyme needs to match the shape of the reactants
Reactants that require an enzyme are called substrates
Substrates bind with enzymes at their active sites
Active sites provide an environment that helps the reaction happen

7. Enzyme shape is affected by Temp and pH
Active sites are lost when an enzyme unfolds
Enzymes denature (unfold) if the pH is increased or decreased too far away from the enzyme’s optimal pH
Enzymes denature (unfold) at high temperatures
Demonstrate this with a boiling water bath and with H2SO4

8. Analyzing data - How does pH affect an enzyme?