1. Causes of Natural Disasters

2. Why do we have earthquakes?
There are about 20 plates along the surface of the earth that slowly move past each other. These are called tectonic plates.

3. The earth’s crust is made up of plates which fit together like a jigsaw puzzle.
When the plates move and rub against one another, they cause earthquakes and volcanoes near the edges of the plates.

5. As the plates move, they put forces on themselves and each other
As the plates move, they put forces on themselves and each other. When the force is large enough, the crust is forced to break.
The energy that is released during this break is the shaking we feel during an earthquake.
Most earthquakes occur on or near the edges of earth’s tectonic plates.

6. Why do we have volcanoes?
Volcanoes are formed when magma from within the earth’s upper mantle works its way to the surface

7. Between the earth’s crust and the mantle is the magma.
When two plates come together, one section slides on top of the other and the one below is pushed down.
Magma is squeezed up between the two plates.

9. The Pacific Ring of Fire has more exploding volcanoes and earthquakes than any other place on earth.

10. Why do we have tornadoes?
Most tornadoes form from thunderstorms.
You need warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico and cool, dry air from Canada. When these two types of air meet, it causes a change in the atmosphere which results in a tornado.

11. Tornadoes can occur anywhere in the world, but they form mostly in areas with dry, flat terrain.
The majority of volcanoes occur in an area called tornado alley.