1. SUPERVISORY MANAGEMENT
FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this session, participants should be able to:
Explain what is organizational effectiveness.
Differentiate between efficiency and effectiveness.
Discuss the four (4) basic approaches to determining organizational effectiveness.

3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this session, participants should be able to:
Discuss at least four (4) factors that impact organizational effectiveness.
Implement strategies to improve organizational effectiveness.
Advocate for changes that will improve effectiveness within your departments/ units.

4. WHAT IS EFFECTIVENESS?
Efficiency is minimizing the use of resources in achieving organizational objectives.
Effectiveness is the extent to which an organization has met its stated goals and objectives and how well it performed in the process.

5. HOW IS EFFECTIVENESS MEASURED?
Effectiveness is considered an abstract concept and is therefore virtually impossible to measure.
Due to the abstract nature of effectiveness, proxy measures are used to represent effectiveness such as efficiency of management, productivity of employees, number of customers served etc.

6. APPROACHES TO ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS?
Goal Approach
System Resource Approach
Multi-Constituency Approach
Social Constructionism Approach

7. APPROACHES TO ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS?
Goal Approach – Uses organizational goals as the criteria for effectiveness.
System Resource Approach – Ability to take advantage of the environment – allowing organization to gain scarce and valued resources.
Multi-Constituency Approach - recognizes the many stakeholders and that each may evaluate effectiveness using different criteria.
Social Constructionism Approach – A general approach – effectiveness is whatever multiple constituents want it to be. People are not necessarily rational and so their criteria may change without notice.

8. FACTORS AFFECTING ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS
STRATEGIC FACTORS
ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS
PEOPLE FACTORS
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Strategic Factors
Visioning
Managerial Expertise and Leadership
Organizational Factors
Policies and Procedures
Culture and Sub-Culture
Size and resources
People Factors
Presence of Conflict
Motivation
Diversity
Team work
Environmental Factors
Economy
Labour Market
Political Environment

9. SOME INDICATORS OF EFFECTIVENESS
Productivity
Absenteeism
Turnover
Deviant Workplace Behaviour
Job Satisfaction
Organizational Citizenship Behaviour

10. CREATING AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION
Creating and articulating a clear vision.
Strong, decisive, trustworthy leadership.
Understand the markets that you serve.
Investment in staff.

11. BENEFITS OF AN EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION
Improved profitability
Increased customer retention
Reduced customer complaints and warranty claims
Reduced costs through less waste, rework
Greater market share
Increased employee involvement and satisfaction, lower turnover

12. QUESTIONS