1. Non-alignment and communist liberation movements
TOP TEN THINGS YOU NEED TO KNOW

2. 1
Spheres of Influence
US and USSR sign treaty agreeing to not interfere with newly independent nations around the world
Get involved with controlling government and economics
USSR Africa
US South America
Iran Contra

3. 2
Non-alignment
Nations like India don’t want to move from British control to be under a super-power sphere of influence
1955 Bandung Conference – non- alignment
Term “Third World”
“If we have to stand alone, we will…We do not agree with the communist teachings, we do not agree with the anti-communist teachings, because they are both based on wrong principles” (Nehru)

4. Yugoslavia 3 Tito – doesn’t need Stalin’s help
= can be a communist state without being part of Communist Bloc
= can trade and communicate with the West

5. De-Stalinization 4 When Khrushchev comes to power
Communist ideals without ruthless dictatorship
“Peaceful co-existence”
Later let go for being “too soft”

6. Hungary 1956 5 See freedoms being given to Poland
Nagy introduces liberal reforms
Ponders leaving Warsaw Pact
Cannot look “soft” - invasion

7. Result 6 People rebel for weeks
Thousands dead, thousands more injured.
Homes and businesses destroyed
Refugee crisis
Warsaw Pact not unified by ideology

8. 1968 Czechoslovakia’s Prague Spring7
1968 Czechoslovakia’s Prague Spring
Dubcek initiates liberal reforms
Brezhnev Doctrine (like Truman Doctrine) to stop the spread of liberalism

9. Result 8 Resistance lasts only a few days
Communist Bloc countries reluctant to rebel against authority of USSR
Increased tension between East and West

10. 1980 Poland 9 Increase food prices lead to strikes Solidarity Movement
Pressure from the West, Polish Pope
USSR tells the local government to deal with it

11. Result 10 “Crack in the dam” or the beginning of the end
Takes another decade, but by Soviet sphere of influence begins to fall apart
By 1991 the USSR and it’s sphere of influence no longer exists