1. Introducing Travel and Tourism
Chapter 1

2. Objectives How travel and tourism is defined internationally
How to identify the main component parts of tourism
The limitations of the term tourism industry and the wider concept of the visitor economy
The linkages between demand and supply in tourism
Trends in the global economy that have redefined the significance of tourism in modern societies and created, what many now identify as, the world’s largest industry

3. Tourism Best understood in terms of demand and supply
Economic impact measured in terms of investment, employment and balance of payments
Further environmental and cultural impacts

4. Figure 1 Five main sectors in travel and tourism

5. Categories of visitor demand
Inbound (international)
Outbound (international)
Domestic (residents)

6. Travel and tourism definition
Visitors referred to as all travellers
Tourists are those who stay overnight
Same-day Visitors, arrive and depart on the same day

7. International tourism
Visitors who travel and stay in countries other than that of their normal place of residence
International tourism is the most important market sector of tourism
Spend more
Stay longer
Use more expensive transport and accommodation
Contribute to foreign exchange

8. Table 1.1

9. Table 1.2

10. Domestic tourism
Visitors who travel and stay overnight within the boundaries of their own country
Types:
Overnight
Day visitors

11. Main elements of travel and tourism
It is only concerned with aspect of life other than routines
Necessitates travel and nearly in every case some form of transport
Specific destinations are the focus and range of facilities required by visitors. It has combinations of economic, social and environmental impacts

12. Important points
There is nothing that restricts the total market to overnight stays or to travel for leisure or pleasure only
All tourism includes elements of travel but all travel is not tourism
It absorbs a large element of individual leisure time and encompasses many recreational activities, but is not identical with either
All travel and tourism is temporary

13. Figure 1-2

14. What does it say?
Demand comes from visitors’ normal place of residence
Product is mainly provided/located at the visited destination
How the five main sectors of the visitor economy combine to manage visitor demand
Marketing mix

15. Changing prospects for 21st century
Key economic and social trends have transformed
severe economic decline, loss of employment, traditional community disintegration
A new form of remarkable growth including travel and tourism

16. So:
The old industrial economies of the 20th century gave rise to mass production, mass consumption and mass tourism
The post industrial societies gave rise to more affluent, mature, culturally diverse, educated, demanding, quality conscious, cynical, litigious and sophisticated consumers

17. In other words:
The new consumers are able and determined to express their individuality, enabled by modern technology, and are no longer prepared to accept standardized product formats
They seek experiences that are meaningful to them and are prepared to participate in creating the product value they seek