1. Probability

2. Definition of Probability
Probability is defined as the chance that a given event will occur.

3. What is an event?
An event is an experiment or a collection of experiments.
The following are examples of events:
*A coin toss
*Rolling a die
*Drawing a card from a deck

4. Possible Outcomes of an Event
Possible outcomes of an event are the results which may occur from any event. (Remember, they may not occur.)
For example, a coin toss has two possible outcomes. The outcomes are “heads” or “tails.”

5. Probability of an Outcome
The probability of an outcome for a particular event is a number telling us how likely a particular outcome is to occur.
This number is the ratio of the number of ways the outcome may occur to the number of total possible outcomes for the event.
Example is 1/6. That is the probability of rolling a 2 on a dice.

6. How can probability be expressed?
Probability can be expressed as:
A fraction
A decimal
A percentage
All of these are known as ratios.

7. Since the number of ways a certain outcome may occur is always smaller or equal to the total number of outcomes, the probability of an event is a ratio from 0 to 1.

8. For example, if you have 7 apples and 8 oranges in a bag, the probability of drawing an apple out of the bag is 7/15. The total number of possibilities (apples and oranges) is 15, which is the denominator, and the numerator is the total number of apples.
Notice that 7/15 is less than 1.

9. Probability with M&M’s
COLORS
TOTAL #
FRACTION
DECIMAL
PERCENTAGE
RED 2
2/12
0.17
17%
ORANGE 1
1/12
0.08 8%
YELLOW
BLUE 3
3/12
0.25
25%
GREEN
BROWN
TOTALS 12
12/12= 1
1.0
100%

10. GRAPH