1. Part Two

2. British Advantages/Disadvantages
Endless supplies
Well-trained army
Money
Experience Generals
Loyalists (knew land/who the patriots were-keep GB informed)
Disadvantages
Fighting on foreign soil
Mercenaries/”Hessians” (hired German soldiers; no loyalty to Britain)
Uniforms (hot, bright red)
Foreign relations (many conflicts with France and Spain)
Pride (too confident of victory)

3. American Advantages/Disadvantages
Home advantage (knew land)
Fighting for a cause (independence)
Hit and Run tactics
George Washington (excellent general; inspires troops)
Spy Network (keep us informed)
French Aid (send troops/supplies)
Disadvantages
Lack of supplies (no money, no way to raise it)
Untrained army (mostly made up of the militia who had little experience in battle)
Fighting Great Britain (greatest power in the world)

4. “When we assumed the soldier, we did not lay aside the citizen.”
George Washington
“I hope I shall possess firmness and virtue enough to maintain what I consider the most enviable of all titles, the character of an honest man.”
“When we assumed the soldier, we did not lay aside the citizen.”

5. The Battle of Trenton December 25, 1776
Washington chose to attack in Trenton, New Jersey
Crossed the Delaware River on Christmas morning and took 100 Hessian soldiers captive
Mostly a moral victory for US, but it meets its goal: Washington’s troops reenlist

6. Surrender of Hessian Troops to Washington at Trenton

7. Winter at Valley Forge
Washington’s Winter Camp (located in Pennsylvania)
Harsh conditions (lack of food, shoes, coats, money to purchase supplies), many amputations, desertions

8. Winter at Valley Forge
General Washington and General Lafayette at Valley Forge

9. Washington’s Headquarters Valley Forge
“He was indeed, in every sense of the word, a wise, a good and a great man…” -Thomas Jefferson speaking of Washington-

10. The French at Valley Forge
General Friedrich von Steuben and the Marquis de LaFayette (FRENCH) joined Washington at Valley Forge to offer encouragement and hope that supplies and reinforcements were on their way

11. The Battle of Saratoga October 1777
General Horatio Gates United States-
“Gentleman Johnny” Burgoyne -Great Britain-

12. The Battle of Saratoga October 1777
Burgoyne surrendered to Gates at Saratoga on October 17, 1777
Considered the turning point of the war (it proved we could win)
Because of our victory at Saratoga, France decided to join in our cause and sent supplies and troops

13. “Few men have virtue enough to withstand the highest bidder.”
Benedict Arnold
Most famous traitor in US history
Hero of the Battle of Saratoga, where he was wounded
Received command of West Point from Washington after his injury
Influenced by his Loyalist wife to turn Washington over to the British
Plot was uncovered-Arnold escaped and became general in British Army
Died in Britain, hated by both sides
“Few men have virtue enough to withstand the highest bidder.”
-George Washington-

14. The Battle of Yorktown September 28-October 17, 1781
British troops under Gen. Charles Cornwallis retreat to Yorktown, VA
The Continental Army surrounded them by land, while the French blocked their escape by sea
The siege of Yorktown lasted a month and ended on October 17, 1781.

15. General Charles Cornwallis
The Battle of Yorktown, 1781
General Charles Cornwallis raised
the white flag of surrender at
Yorktown on October 17, 1781
Pleaded illness at the last minute
and sent General Charles O’Hara
in his place to surrender his sword
to Washington
After O’Hara handed over the
sword, the British troops laid down
their arms
General Charles Cornwallis

16. The British Surrender at Yorktown
Famous painting by John Trumbull. Historically inaccurate
because General Cornwallis was not present at the ceremony.
“Humanity has won its battle. Liberty now has a country.”
-Marquis de LaFayette-

17. The Treaty of Paris 1783 Signed September 3, 1783
Officially ends the war
Confirmed US independence
Set boundaries of US between Mexico and Canada, and the Mississippi River and the Atlantic Ocean
Also guaranteed the removal of British troops within these areas

18. American Negotiators at the Treaty of Paris
John Adams
Ben Franklin
John Jay