1. The American Revolution Mrs. Shadoin Civics and Economics

2. Early Defeats British capture all major colonial cities- New York (which they used as their headquarters), Philadelphia, Boston, and Charles Town; Washington’s army is in retreat and many soldiers desert British capture all major colonial cities- New York (which they used as their headquarters), Philadelphia, Boston, and Charles Town; Washington’s army is in retreat and many soldiers desert

3. Patriot Victories December 26, 1776- Battle of Trenton; Washington crossed the Delaware River to attack a group of Hessians (hired German soldiers), they kill or capture 1,000 men December 26, 1776- Battle of Trenton; Washington crossed the Delaware River to attack a group of Hessians (hired German soldiers), they kill or capture 1,000 men

4. “Washington Crossing the Delaware” Occurred December 25, 1776 By Emanuel Leutze (1851)

5. Patriot Victories January 3, 1777- Battle of Princeton; Washington’s forces defeated the British; these victories kept morale up and inspired men to enlist in the war January 3, 1777- Battle of Princeton; Washington’s forces defeated the British; these victories kept morale up and inspired men to enlist in the war

6. Turning Point September 19 and October 7, 1777- Battles of Saratoga considered the turning point in the war September 19 and October 7, 1777- Battles of Saratoga considered the turning point in the war

7. Turning Point The colonists proved themselves in battle and received aid from France The colonists proved themselves in battle and received aid from France

8. Valley Forge Winter of 1777-1778- Campsite of Washington’s army near Philadelphia; 2,500 out of 12,000 soldiers died of cold, and food and supply shortages Winter of 1777-1778- Campsite of Washington’s army near Philadelphia; 2,500 out of 12,000 soldiers died of cold, and food and supply shortages

9. Civilian Life Inflation and shortages of goods were common during the war Inflation and shortages of goods were common during the war Women took over the work of men, some helped the war effort Women took over the work of men, some helped the war effort

10. Foreign Help Baron von Steuben was a Prussian officer who trained Patriot soldiers in military drill and discipline and helped lead them to victory Baron von Steuben was a Prussian officer who trained Patriot soldiers in military drill and discipline and helped lead them to victory

11. Foreign Help Marquis de Lafayette was a French military officer who served as a general in the American Revolution, he symbolized the French-US alliance Marquis de Lafayette was a French military officer who served as a general in the American Revolution, he symbolized the French-US alliance

12. Southern Campaign British strategy changed to splitting the colonies; Charles Town was captured by General Cornwallis British strategy changed to splitting the colonies; Charles Town was captured by General Cornwallis

13. Southern Campaign October 7, 1780- Battle of Kings Mountain was a Patriot victory, won with the help of Appalachian frontiersmen October 7, 1780- Battle of Kings Mountain was a Patriot victory, won with the help of Appalachian frontiersmen

14. Southern Campaign January 17, 1781- Battle of Cowpens, a decisive American victory it marked a turning point in the recapture of South Carolina from the British January 17, 1781- Battle of Cowpens, a decisive American victory it marked a turning point in the recapture of South Carolina from the British

15. War’s End After loses in the South, Cornwallis’s army retreated to Yorktown where he was surrounded by the French and Continental Army and French fleet; he formally surrenders in October 1781 After loses in the South, Cornwallis’s army retreated to Yorktown where he was surrounded by the French and Continental Army and French fleet; he formally surrenders in October 1781

18. Treaty of Paris, 1783 September 3, 1783- Recognized US independence, set boundaries to the Mississippi River protected Loyalists living in America, and prisoners of war released; November 24, 1783 the last British troops left New York City September 3, 1783- Recognized US independence, set boundaries to the Mississippi River protected Loyalists living in America, and prisoners of war released; November 24, 1783 the last British troops left New York City

19. Symbol to the World Reinforced the principles of liberty, freedom, equality and opportunity Reinforced the principles of liberty, freedom, equality and opportunity This victory and its ideals set a precedent for the future of America This victory and its ideals set a precedent for the future of America