1. Scientific Measurements
All measurements must have a number and a unit unless otherwise specified

2. Quantity
Base Unit
Measuring Tool
Mass
Grams (g)
Balance
Volume
Liter (L)
Graduated cylinder
Distance
Meter (m)
Meterstick
Temperature
Kelvin (K)
Thermometer
Time
Seconds (s)
stopwatch

3. Scientific Measurements
Accuracy
A measurement of how closely individual measurements agree with the correct value
Ex.
Correct Value grams
Experimental Values grams, 0.57 grams, 0.60 grams
The most accurate value is 0.54 grams because it has a deviation of

4. Scientific Measurements
Precision
The closeness of agreement among several measurements of the same quantity
Ex.
Correct Value grams
Experimental Values grams, 0.62grams, 0.60 grams
Values are not accurate but they are precise.

5. A short-hand way of writing large numbers without
Scientific Notation
A short-hand way of writing
large numbers without
writing all of the zeros.

6. The Distance From the Sun to the Earth
93,000,000

7. Step 1 93,000,000 = 9.3000000 Move decimal left
Leave only one number in front of decimal
93,000,000 =

8. Step 2
Write number without zeros
93,000,000 = 9.3

9. Step 3 7 93,000,000 = 9.3 x 10 Count how many places you moved decimal
Make that your power of ten
93,000,000 = 9.3 x 10 7

10. The power of ten is 7 because the decimal moved 7 places. 7
93,000,000 = 9.3 x 10 7

11. 93,000, Standard Form
9.3 x Scientific Notation

12. Practice Problem -----> -----> -----> ----->
Write in scientific notation.
Decide the power of ten.
98,500,000 = 9.85 x 10?
64,100,000,000 = 6.41 x 10?
279,000,000 = 2.79 x 10?
4,200,000 = 4.2 x 10?
9.85 x 107
----->
6.41 x 1010
----->
2.79 x 108
----->
----->
4.2 x 106

13. More Practice Problems
On these, decide where the decimal will be moved.
734,000,000 = ______ x 108
870,000,000,000 = ______x 1011
90,000,000,000 = _____ x 1010
Answers
3) 9 x 1010
7.34 x 108
2) 8.7 x 1011

14. Complete Practice Problems
Write in scientific notation.
50,000
7,200,000
802,000,000,000
Answers
1) 5 x 104
2) 7.2 x 106
3) 8.02 x 1011

15. Scientific Notation to Standard Form
Move the decimal to the right
3.4 x 105 in scientific notation
move the decimal
--->
340,000 in standard form

16. Move the decimal to the right.
Write in Standard Form
Move the decimal to the right.
6.27 x 106
9.01 x 104
6,270,000
90,100

17. Scientific Measurements
Units can be combined
Mi/hr
m/s
g/mL
Mi/hr = miles divided by hours
On this slide you can demonstrate to students that miles per hour is the same thing as miles divided by hours. Students generally struggle with this concept and they will need to understand this in order to work with equations.

18. Scientific Measurements
When multiplying fractions, if unit or number in the numerator and the denominator is the same, then they cancel out
= = 4

19. Scientific Measurements

20. Solving for Variables Variable must be By itself In the numerator
Ex. D=m/v
Solving for D because it is by itself and in the numerator

21. Solving for Variables
By adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing, isolate the variable you are solving for on one side
Remember whatever you do to one side, you must do to the other side.

22. Solving for Variables
Solve for mass using this equation:

23. PV=nRT
Solve for V
Solve for R .
Solve for m
Solve for v