1. Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2016.196
Figure 1 Biomarkers dynamics in contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI)
Figure 1 | Biomarkers dynamics in contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI). Modelling serum creatinine time courses120 revealed a specific pattern during CIAKI, which is characterized by a sharp decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) followed by slow GFR recovery. Typically, serum creatinine levels peak 2–3 days after contrast medium exposure16. The tubular specific biomarker neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is particularly sensitive for the early diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI), including CIAKI121, showing an increase as early as 6 h post-procedure122. Levels of cystatin C (CyC), an indicator of GFR, increase within 24 h after administration of contrast medium, thus constituting a further putative indicator of early stages of CIAKI29.
Fähling, M. et al. (2017) Understanding and preventing contrast-induced acute kidney injury
Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph