1. The Early Years of the War

2. Set-Up Cornell Notes (IN Pages 107-108)
Title: The Early Years of the War Essential Question: How well did the British & American war strategies work during the beginning of the war?

3. Warm-Up (IN Page 97 TOP) Use Complete Sentences!
General Washington & his troops in their winter camp at Valley Forge
Describe the weather and the men’s clothing & physical condition in the painting.
How might physical hardship affect a soldier’s loyalty & ability to fight?

4. Americans Divided ‘Merica!!!
Patriots
Loyalists
‘Merica!!!
New England & Virginia had lots of Patriots
Supported the King
Large cities, New York & the South had lots of Loyalists
Many worked for the British government or were clergy for the Church of England

5. Native Americans
Some fought with the British and others with the Patriots
Many feared they would lose their land if the British lost

6. African Americans
Slave owners initially feared their slaves would revolt if they were given guns to fight so they were not allowed to enlist
After the British offered freedom to any slave willing to fight, many ran away in hopes of gaining freedom
Once the British began using African American soldiers, the Continental Army enlisted 5,000 African Americans

7. Warm-Up (IN Page 96 BOTTOM)
Many Loyalists worked in which type of jobs?
Many Loyalists worked as…
Why did the Continental Army not enlist African Americans in the beginning?
The Continental Army did not enlist African Americans in the beginning because…
How many African Americans joined the Continental Army?
There were _______ African Americans in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War.
How did women contribute to the war effort?
Women contributed to the war effort by…

8. Comparing Strategies Creating an Army: Washington’s Strategy:
Take notes about the hardships faced by Washington when creating the Continental Army
Take notes about the role of women in the Revolutionary War
Pages
Washington’s Strategy:
Take notes about Washington’s strategy (page 195 TOP)
Britain’s Strategy:
Take notes about the British war strategy
Take notes about what Burgoyne, Howe & St. Leger were doing
Pages

9. Creating an Army
The Continental Army never numbered more than 17,000 men
Men were inexperienced & the army was short on supplies
The enlistment period was short (1 year). After their enlistment they went home.
Women followed their husbands into the battlefield and cooked, did laundry & nursed sick or wounded soldiers
Deborah Sampson

10. Washington’s Strategy
While the British wanted a big win to force an American surrender, Washington wanted only to survive
Washington knew he couldn’t win a major battle yet so he just wanted to avoid a crushing defeat

11. Britain’s Strategy
The British Army wanted to take the Hudson River Valley to cut off New England to other states
Three armies would meet in Albany, New York
General John Burgoyne would lead a force south from Canada
Lt. Colonel Barry St. Leger would lead his army from Lake Ontario down the Mohawk Valley
General Howe was to follow the Hudson north from New York City

12. Britain’s Strategy
The three men and their armies never met in Albany, New York
General Howe tried to capture Washington in Pennsylvania (Battle of Brandywine) and later in Germantown
The British won both battles but failed to capture Washington

13. Battles Along the Mohawk
Benedict Arnold led an army up the Mohawk River hoping to chase the British away
He tricked the British into thinking they were outnumbered and they retreated leaving behind their camp

14. First Repetition Use our code marking system to:
Highlight important facts
Circle Key Words
Put (*) next to possible test questions
Put (?) next to things you didn’t understand, then- ASK ME!

15. Comparing Armies Follow-Up (IN Page 100 TOP)
Based on the information in your chart on page 99, which army would have been more likely to win the war? Explain your answer using details from your chart.
(Minimum 3 sentences!!!)

16. Gentleman’s War
Term which refers to a conduct of combat, loosely applying to the 17th through 19th century, in which battles were orderly fought, with opposite sides of men armed with muskets walked around the battle field to form giant lines of ranks totally exposed. Each army then took turns blasting each other. Sometimes one side would charge the other with bayonets on foot or horseback. Later, cannons were used as fire support. Generally, this was thought of as sportsmanlike by the nobles that waged these wars.

17. Linear Tactics

18. Linear Tactics

19. Guerilla Tactics

21. Rules of Engagement There will be 2 teams with a commander for each
Round 1: Linear Fighting-
you must stay in your lines/columns and ranks. You may move but only as directed by your commander
Commanders will order their troops to either: rapid fire, wait for the other side to fire, move forward and then fire
If you’re hit with a paper ball, you’ve either been killed or wounded and MUST sit on the floor immediately
Once all paper has been thrown, those that were killed/wounded will be removed from the battlefield and remaining soldiers will recover 2 paper balls, fighting will resume until one side is completely out

22. Rules of Engagement Round 2: Guerilla Fighting-
The British MUST continue to use linear tactics while following orders from your commander
Americans can use guerilla tactics (hiding, hit & run, firing at will)

23. The Polite War

24. Polite War Follow-Up (IN Page 100 BOTTOM)
What was meant by the term, “Gentleman’s War”?
The Term “Gentleman’s War” means…
Which tactic, linear tactics or guerilla warfare, is more effective overall? Explain your answer.
_______________________ is more effective overall because…

25. American Ride- Saratoga