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The American Revolution
Chapter 6 The American Revolution
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-Stuff I would try to remember
Advantages/disadvantages Loyalist Women roles during war Nathan Hale Battle of Trenton and Princeton Capture of Philadelphia Battle of Saratoga
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The Opposing Sides United States Britain No Navy 2.5 Million people
Lacked a regular Army Government not organized Not all people supported the patriot cause Know the landform of the countryside Fighting for Home land and heart World’s strongest Navy 9 Million people Large & trained Army Formed and organized government Majority of British citizens supported war Fighting in strange countryside Fighting for pay
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The Loyalists: Those who remained loyal to Britain
Wanted to stay members of the Anglican Church Feared disorder of a new government Had no opinion and did not want to get involved: Apathy! Feared the loss of business: $ Often families and friends were divided in their opinion of the war
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African Americans in War
Many wanted to stay loyal to Britain: Why? Slaves were promised freedom for fighting with the British. Often slaves would take the place of their owners and fight for Independence.
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Patriot Advantages Fighting on own land Fighting for home
Fighting from the heart and belief Great Leader: George Washington Britain relied on mercenaries (Hired soldiers)
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Raising an Army Created Continental Congress but 13 colonies hesitant to give complete power: Why? Each state were pursuing their own wars: 13 separate wars Continental Army was the difficult to form because men wanted to fight in their own state militia: What problems would come from this? States had to volunteer men to the Continental Army.
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Women in War Women were not allowed to fight in battle
Wives would go with husbands Some women disguised as men fought in war
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Fighting in New York Where was most of the early battles fought?
Britain sends 32,000troops to New York which really surprised the people: Why? Battle of Long Island: Washington and outnumbered troops attack Miserable lost for Continental Army
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“I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country”
Nathan Hale Hero of Long Island Hung for treason “I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country”
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Bravery but short on supplies
Lots of bravery but little supplies Supplies limited because of British embargo What can you do?
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Low Point 1776-1777 winter creates near collapse of the Patriot cause
Deserters: Men leaving going home without permission What would you do if you were Washington?
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Thomas Paine and The Crisis
Propaganda Washington read the pamphlet to inspire his men: IT WORKED!
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The Crisis “These are the times that try men’s souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will in this crisis shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now deserves the love and thanks of man and woman.”
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Patriot Gains Washington needs more troops; can slaves be soldiers?
Southerners say “NO” Why?
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African Americans join the Fight
As the need grew, many states enlisted African Americans Many fought for they believed they would be freed Many fought for the pay
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American Victories in New Jersey Trenton and Princeton
British army settled in New York for winter in Winter is usually a hiatus of war Washington crosses the Delaware River on Christmas night to surprise the British troops Washington and the Continental army were successful: captured 900 Hessian! Yeah! Glorious Victory!
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Lord Cornwallis He and his British troops chase Washington after Trenton Washington and his men escape Raises the moral of the country to be “Liberty mad again”
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A British Plan for Victory
British troops under General Howe were to attack the Patriots in Albany New York First, will attack Patriot forces in Philadelphia Philadelphia falls to British without much ado (Why is this important to know?) British stay in Philadelphia for the winter while Washington and his troops stay in the countryside (Valley Forge)
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Patriots Slow the British
British plans for moving to Albany slowed Patriots able to halt advanced North General Burgoyne’s 30 wagons of personal luxuries slowed travel
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Battle of Saratoga Burgoyne surrenders his sick, weary injured troops at Saratoga Becomes the TURNING POINT OF THE WAR Burgoyne offers a toast of George Washington at a dinner….why is this important?
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British plan to cut off New England to other colonies failed!
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