1. Cell Cycle
How our cells divide

2. 2 main stages of the Cell Cycle
INTERPHASE = cell growth
M Phase – cell division

3. Interphase Most of their life of a cell is spent in this phase
Carries on DAILY ACTIVITY and allows the cell to grow
3 different phases
G1- ‘growth’ increasing mass of cell
Number of organelles and amount of cytoplasm
S phase – DNA synthesis or “Replication”
G2 Phase – continues to increase in size and prepares to divide

4. Replication
Before a cell can divide, it must duplicate (or copy) its DNA
End goal = 2 identical strands of DNA
One set of DNA will go to each new daughter cell
Possible because of Double Helix
Allows DNA to be easily copied

5. Mitosis
a process by which cell ensures each daughter cell will have a complete set of chromosomes of DNA
There are Four Key Stages of mitosis: PMAT

7. Prophase Vocabulary Description
Centrioles = microtubules that form fibers – always in pairs
Chromosomes = “X” shaped DNA – tightly coiled
Centromere = the ‘glue’ that holds chromosomes together
Description
Chromatin condenses to form chromosomes
Nuclear Envelope disappears
Centrioles move to opposite poles (ends) of the cell

8. Prophase Diagram

9. Metaphase Vocabulary Description Sister chromatids = ½ of a chromosome
Spindle Fibers = appear out of centrioles, like rope
Description
Spindle Fibers = pull chromatids to middle of cell
Sister chromatids = attach to spindle fibers and move to center of cell
Shortest phase = ensures accurate DNA copies are made

10. Metaphase Diagram

11. Anaphase Vocabulary Description Microtubules = centrioles
Spindle fibers = pull sister chromatids apart from each other
Sister chromatids = separated and go to opposite ends of cell
Microtubules = shorten allowing this process to occur

12. Anaphase Diagram

13. Telophase Description Chromosomes begin to unravel into chromatin
New nuclear envelope forms around each complete set of DNA

14. Telophase Diagram

15. Cytokenesis Vocabulary Description
Daughter cell = identical copy of parent
Cleavage furrow = pinching that separates parent cell
Cell plate = CF in plants
Description
Cytoplasm and organelles are divided into 2 identical daughter cells
Plant cells = cell plate
Animal cells = cleavage furrow

16. Cyto Diagram