1. Section 3 – pg 196 A Time of Conflict
Chapter 5
Section 3 – pg 196
A Time of Conflict

2. Defeating the Barbary States
Pg 196
Defeating the Barbary States
Trade with Europe was important to America’s economy
After the American Revolution, pirates began attacking American ships in the Mediterranean Sea
The pirates came from 4 diff countries: Morocco, Algiers, Tunisia, and Tripoli -> these states became known as the Barbary States

3. In response the Barbary States stopped raiding the European ships
Pg 196
Barbary pirates raided European and American ships, taking property and enslaving sailors, holding them for ransom
European gov’ts stopped this by paying the Barbary States tribute
Tribute: money paid by one country to another in return for protection
In response the Barbary States stopped raiding the European ships

4. For a while, the US was paying tribute too
Eventually Jefferson decided to stop and instead send war ships to the Mediterranean Sea to protect American merchant ships
For a while this went badly, the warship Philadelphia ran aground near the Tripoli coast and its 300 man crew was imprisoned
To keep the pirates from using this ship a 60 sailors led by Stephen Decatur burned it down
Pg 196

5. Pg 197
The next year a small force of American marines marched 500 miles across the Sahara and captured Tripoli
This inspired a new wave of confidence in the ability of the US to deal forcefully with foreign powers

6. American Neutrality is Challenged
Pg 197
American Neutrality is Challenged
Once again France and Britain are at war, threatening American oversea trade
B/c America stayed neutral they continued to trade with both countries
Once again France and Britain began seizing American ships
Between 1803 and 1807, France seized 500 American ships ad Britain seized more than 1,000
Britain also forced thousands Americans to serve in their navy

7. Jefferson Responds with an Embargo
Pg 198
Jefferson Responds with an Embargo
To force Britain and France to respect American neutrality Jefferson decided to use an embargo
Embargo: a gov’t order that forbids foreign trade
In 1807, Congress passed the Embargo Act that imposed a total embargo on American ships sailing to any port
This did not go well: American exports fell from 109 million to 25 million in one year, price of crops fell hurting farmers, 10,000 people lost their jobs

8. Americans were outraged by the Embargo Act
Pg 198
Americans were outraged by the Embargo Act
Many turned to smuggling – the act of illegally importing or exporting goods
Congress repealed the Embargo Act in 1809 and passed a law reopening foreign trade with every county except France and Britain
It stated that the US would trade with those countries when they started respecting America’s trading rights as a neutral nation

9. Tecumseh and the Prophet
Pg 199
Tecumseh and the Prophet
After the Battle of Fallen Timbers, 10,000s of settlers moved westward
Ohio became a state in 1803
The amount of settlers had a grave impact on the Native Americans
Diseases such as measles, smallpox, and influenza killed thousands
Settlers took over NA hunting grounds
Game was driven away as farmers cleared the forests for planting
The NA population fell and the power of their traditional leaders declined

10. New Leaders Take Charge
Pg 200
New Leaders Take Charge
The Shawnee people were hard hit by these developments
After 1805, two Shawnee brothers, Tenskwatawa (known as the Prophet) and Tecumseh, began urging NA resistance
Tecumseh organized the Western tribes into a league to restore Indian lands

11. Pg 200
Harrison’s Victory
American officials were deeply concerned by Tecumseh's activities
William Henry Harrison, governor of the Indiana Territories, marched a thousand soldiers against Shawnee’s villages on the Tippecanoe River where he defeated them
Even after the battle, Tecumseh and his warriors continued their struggle during the next several years