1. Unit 4: Sectionalism, the U.S. Civil War, and Reconstruction

2. The Age of the Common Man and Political Party Changes
Part I: Andrew Jackson
The Age of the Common Man and Political Party Changes

3. Sectional Tension
• Industrial North favored high protective tariffs to protect northern manufactured goods from foreign competition.
Agricultural South opposed high tariffs that made the price of imports more expensive.

4. AJ: “Old Hickory” Served in Congress in 1790s
Slaveholder in Nashville, Tennesee
Known for his victories in the War of 1812
Known for his attacks on the Seminole Indians in Florida

5. The Corrupt Bargain
Jackson ran against John Q. Adams and lost because of a bargain between Adams and the House of Representatives.
Jackson’s supporters in Congress refused to back most laws of the Adams administration.

6. Victory in 1828 Jackson won against Adams by a landslide.
Some states allowed non-landowning white men to vote.

7. American Political Parties During the 1850s
Democratic Party
(1800-present)
Opposed strong central government
Divided over slavery issue in the 1850s
Whig Party
( )
Favored national economic development
Opposed Andrew Jackson
Antislavery members left in the 1850s
Know-Nothings or the American Party
( )
Opposed to immigration
Joined by antislavery Whigs
Took a proslavery platform in 1856
Free-Soil Party
( )
Worked to prevent slavery in the western territories
Formed by antislavery Democrats and Whigs
Absorbed into the new Republican Party
Republican Party
(1854-present)
Opposed to slavery
Opposed to Kansas-Nebraska Act

8. Changes to the Parties
Federalists become NATIONAL REPUBLICANS, Whigs, or Know-Nothings.
Democratic Republicans become DEMOCRATS.
Jackson was a DEMOCRAT.

9. The Know-Nothings Opposed to immigration Joined by antislavery Whigs
Took a proslavery platform in 1856

10. The Whigs Favored national economic development Opposed Andrew Jackson
Antislavery members left in the 1850s

11. The Spoils System
Rewarding political supporters with government jobs

12. King Andrew I More vetoes than the previous six presidents combined
Why was he called King Andrew I?

13. Tariff of 1828
Increased taxes on manufactured goods for Southerners

14. Tariff of 1832
South Carolinians argued that sovereign states could nullify the Tariff of 1832 and other acts of Congress.

15. Nullification Crisis
A Union that allowed state governments to invalidate acts of the national legislature could be dissolved by states seceding from the Union in defense of slavery.

16. Nullification
When a state says that a federal law does not apply

17. Secede
To break away, or withdraw, from a union

18. Force Bill
Threatened by Jackson to force South Carolina to pay the taxes of the 1828 Tariff
Required military action
50,000 federal troops to enforce

19. Indian Removal Act of 1830
Indians must move to Indian Territory

20. Indian Territory
Oklahoma primarily, some other pieces of Louisiana purchase also

21. Trail of Tears Cherokee were not allowed to pause to rest. 1838
116 Days
1,000 Miles
Numbers vary, but at least 1 in 4 died of cold and disease

22. Indian Uprisings
Increased after 1830 throughout the West

23. National Bank Created in 1791 to regulate currency and bank notes
Jackson opposed the Bank

24. The VETO
When the National Bank’s charter was up for renewal in 1832, Jackson vetoed it.

25. Panic of 1837 People rushed to get their money from the National Bank
Depression after the bank veto

26. 1836 Jackson chose not to run for a third term due to poor health
William Henry Harrison elected, died shortly thereafter

27. Reform Movements of the 1800s
Education
Mental Illness Treatment
Temperance
Slavery
Women’s Rights

28. American Reforms in the Early 19th Century
Problem
Reforms Wanted
Reformer
Method to achieve reform
Education
The Mentally Ill
Temperance
Slavery
Women’s Rights

29. American Reforms in the Early 19th Century
Problem
Reforms Wanted
Reformer
Method to achieve reform
Education
GROUP 1
GROUP 2
The Mentally Ill
GROUP 3
GROUP 4
Temperance
GROUP 5
GROUP 6
Slavery
GROUP 7
GROUP 8
Women’s Rights
GROUP 9
GROUP 10

30. Democracy and Reform ____ let an unruly mob into the White House.
A. Andrew Jackson B. Thomas Jefferson C. James Madison
After the American Revolution, there were _____ qualifications in every state.
A. Property B. Education C. Employment
People became concerned with ____.
A. The rising cost of tea B. Salvation C. the environment
If women were to bring “heaven to earth” they would have to get rid of ____.
A. Heavy clothing B. Demon run C. Taxes
Americans became ____.
A. Tea drinkers B. Fruit conoisseurs C. heavy drinkers
Farm women had more ____ in their lives than urban women.
A. Pigs B. Music C. Say
____ Got greater and greater as the nineteenth century progressed.
A. Pay rates B. Birthrates C. Racial tensions
The Women’s Convention got together to discuss women’s _____.
A. Diseases B. Rights C. Political affiliations
Susan B. Anthony was thrown in jail for ____.
A. Petitioning the government B. Casting a vote C. Divorcing her husband
Dorothy Dix was concerned with the conditions of ____.
A. Institutions B. Schools C. Government
The perfect society was referred to as _____.
A. Utopia B. Freeland C. Disney World