1. Deoxyribonucleic acid
More commonly called DNA

2. Cool facts about DNA Each cell contains roughly 2 meters of DNA
Humans have roughly 100,000,000,000,000 or 100 Trillian cells
If you were to unravel all the DNA in all of your cells and lay it end to end, it would stretch from the earth to the sun hundreds of times.
You can fit 25,000 strands of DNA side by side in a single width of a hair
If you tried to type the whole genetic code out (at 200 letters per minute) it would take 29 years and no breaks!

3. Where is DNA located in a cell?
DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell
The nucleus is the control organelle of the cell.
DNA is found in something called Chromosomes

4. Chromosomes
Chromosomes: Structures made of compacted DNA. Chromosomes are made of two chromatids, and are connected near the center by a centromere.
Chromosomes are made by DNA being condensed then wrapped around Proteins called Histones, the Histones are then stacked and on each other (making nucleosome’s), finally they are bunched together to make chromosomes.

6. DNA DNA is the molecule of inheritance in all life.
DNA has a double helix shape
DNA is made of sub units called nucleotides.
DNA is made of two strands attached
to each other

9. Discovery of DNA 1
Erwin Chargaff in 1949 discovered that there is always an equal amount of Adenine and Thymine and equal amount of Cytosine and Guanine in DNA
A = T
G = C

10. Discovery of DNA 2
Martha Chase and Alfred Hershey discovered in that DNA is the molecule of inheritance

11. Discovery of DNA 3
Rosalind Franklin in 1952determined the shape of the DNA molecule.
Double helix

12. Discovery of DNA 4
James Watson and Francis Crick in determined the structure of DNA

13. The Parts of a Nucleotide
Phosphate back-bone
Sugar (deoxyribose)
Nitrogenous base

14. Nucleotides There are 4 different nucleotides for DNA Adenine Guanine
Thymine
Cytosine

15. Base Pair Rules Adenine pairs with Thymine A – T
Guanine pairs with Cytosine C – G
This means that if we know one strand of a piece of DNA we know the other half as well.
T A C A G C A A G G C T A C T A T C
A T G T T C C G A T G A A T G T A G

16. ATATGGCCAAT Questions What are the 4 base pairs of DNA?
What is DNA coiled into?
What base pairs connect to each other?
What are the two main parts of Chromosomes?
Complete the other half of the following DNA strand
ATATGGCCAAT