1. TAXONOMY OR
How do we identify organisms based on who they are related to, what they are made of, or what they do?

2. What does a sea moth look like?

3. DRAGON SEA MOTH

4. Taxonomy The science of classification
Taxonomy is a system of grouping organisms based on phylogeny (evolutionary relationships), biochemistry and morphology (structure)
Why classify?
Huge amount of diversity among living things
Helps to make sense of it all

5. Goals of Classification
Goal # 1: Give each type of organism a unique name understood by all
Binomial nomenclature – 2-name naming system:
Developed by Carrolus Linneaus based on visible characteristics
Genus & species
Ex. Panulirus interruptus, a.k.a. Pacific spiny lobster, rock lobster or crayfish

6. There may be as many as 1 trillion species
Only about 2 million of have been identified and named so far
That is %

7. Goal # 2 – Group organisms according to how closely related they are
“Related” means they share a common evolutionary history (phylogeny)
Allows scientists to develop better understanding about organisms & make comparisons & predictions

8. Taxonomy How do we classify? Look for common characteristics
Phylogeny (evolutionary relationships)
Biochemistry
Morphology (structure)
Ability to reproduce – biological species

9. Tree of Life

10. Taxonomic Levels (8 Taxa)
Example:
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Cetacea
Family: Delphinidae
Genus: Tursiops
Species: T. truncatus
Domain - 3
Kingdom - 6
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

11. 8 Taxa Domain - Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus -
Species -
Dear
King
Philip
Came
Over
For
Good
Soup

12. 3 Domains
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukaryota

13. 6 Kingdoms Archaebacteria Bacteria (Eubacteria) Protista Fungi Plantae
Animalia

15. Major Marine Phyla from Kingdom Animalia:
(1) Porifera
(2) Cnidaria
(3) Annelida
(4) Mollusca
(5) Arthropoda
(6) Echinodermata
(7) Chordata

16. Major Marine Classes from Kingdom Animalia:
Mollusca
Gastropoda, Pelecypoda, Cephalapoda
Arthropoda
Crustacea, Merostomata
Echinodermata
Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea
Chordata
Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, Ostiechthyes, Reptilia, Aves, Mammalia