1. Selection of Site for Hydrokinetic
Submersible Turbine
On 8th Feb, 2018 at 10:00 HRS PKT
Author: Dr. Muhammad Nawaz Akhtar

2. Exploration and Consideration of the Potential Sites
Selection of site for Hydrokinetic Submersible Turbine
Exploration and Consideration of the Potential Sites
Criteria for the selection of a site
Comparison of potential sites
Result of the selection
Description of the selected site
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3. Exploration and Consideration of the Potential Sites
A desktop survey was conducted to explore the resource potential of rivers and canals in Pakistan and following were thus identified;
10 rivers
55 canals.
Generally,
The velocity of water in the irrigation canals is kept below 1.5 m/s to avoid the erosion of banks/sides of the canals.
But at different locations of canals, the velocity of water increases due to the decrease in the area of cross section available for water flow and inclination levels etc. like ;
At originating points,
Under the bridges,
Water level crossings
Distribution channels
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4. View of the Ghazi Brotha power canal originating from Ghazi Town.
Origin: Indus River (Ghazi) Water flow velocity = 1.8 m/s, Depth= 9 m Width =100 m Length= 52 km
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5. Upper Jehlum Canal at water level crossing Jaggu Head works
Origin: Mangla Dam, Water flow velocity = 0.9 m/s, Depth = 2.86 m, Width = 68.6 m Length= km
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6. Water velocity =1 m/s, Depth = 2 m, Width = 6 m, Length= 42 Km
Machai canal showing the steps created to decrease the velocity of water.
Water velocity =1 m/s, Depth = 2 m, Width = 6 m, Length= 42 Km
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7. 1 Criteria for the selection of a site
Velocity of water (m/s): Most Critical parameter and it may not be less than 0.5 m/s
Depth of water (m): The depth of water (m) is critical in a way that the turbine blades might be submerged in the flowing stream of water in the canal or river.
Width of Canal (m): The width of the canal or river defines the extent of number of turbines in one array.
Consistency (days): The above-mentioned parameters might be available for sufficient number of days and at least 250 days annually.
Utilization Potential (kW): The possible utilization potential of the electrical energy might be ensured; either it is domestic, agricultural, commercial or industrial.
Acceptability Potential: Acceptability/willingness of the local population, local/regional governments, and their administrative support might be ensured.
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8. Approachability: The approachability to the potential site for the
Approachability: The approachability to the potential site for the manpower, machines should be ensured.
Security Threats: Security threats involved if any during construction and for the life cycle of the plant might be assessed and as a counter action to safe guard, the required mechanism might be explored, accordingly.
Grid Connectivity: The available infrastructure near the potential site for the grid connectivity or transmission lines for the end users might be ensured or planned.
Commercial Viability: The commercial viability, in terms of competitiveness and room for power evacuation and utilization must be available /ensured.
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9. Comparison of potential sites
Canal / Site
Upper Jehlum Canal
Machai Canal
Ghazi Barotha canal
Velocity of water (m/s)
0.914
0.7
1.8
Average depth of water (m)
2.60 2 9
Discharge ( m3/s)
227 40
1600
Width of canal (m)
68.62 6
100
Length of canal (m)
127.4 42 52
Consistency (days)
335
250
365
Utilization Potential (kW)
100%
Acceptability Potential
Good
Approachability
Fair
Security Threats
Safe
Mild
Grid Connectivity
Commercial Viability
Yes
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10. Introduction of Selected Canal
The Upper Jhelum Canal is located on two rivers Jehlum and Chenab in the north of Punjab province, Pakistan.
Runs from Mangla Dam to the Chenab River.
Floodwater nullahs drain through the Upper Jhelum Canal into the Jhelum.
Has total length of Km
Supplies water for two Hydro power stations;
(i) Rasul (22 Mw)
(ii) Shadiwal (12 Mw)
The selected site is at head regulator situated at Jaggu (RD 123,000), which is 8 Km from GT road towards Mangla.
There are 4 water level crossings for the flood water nullahs on the entire length of the canal.
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11. Picture of Upper Jehlum Canal at Jaggu Head Regulator & Level crossing
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12. Channel No.7 under Jaggu Head Regulator, after annual shut down, which is a final selection for installation of turbine.
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13. Description of the selected site
Upper Jehlum canal
Channel No.7
Under the bridge at water level crossing of Jaggu Head With following attributes;
Velocity of water flowing stream = m/s.
Velocity of Water over the slope under bridge = 3.6 m/s
Depth of water = 1.1 m
Consistency (availability of above-mentioned parameters in days) = Days
Assessment of the possible utilization potential of electrical energy: Canal monitoring station building at a distance of 100 meter has electricity connection, with 3 KW electrical load, which is the targeted potential user of the turbine out put.
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14. Assessment of the acceptability potential of the local population, local/regional governments, and their administrative support: During the survey and discussions with the local authorities it was confirmed that local population is keenly looking for any alternative source of power because the availability of electricity through grid is intermittent and unreliable.
Evaluation of the approachability to the potential site for the manpower, machines: As there is a barrage having heavy gates, crane availability and approachability, controlling and maintenance infrastructure, metaled wide roads, associated staff and a thickly populated area around so approachability and working environment is good.
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15. No threat at all as the site is 24 hour under guard and under
Assessment of the security threats involved if any during construction and for the life cycle of the plant:
No threat at all as the site is 24 hour under guard and under
monitoring by the associated staff.
Assessment of the available infrastructure near the potential site for the grid connectivity or transmission lines for the end users:
220 KV Grid lines are available on both sides of the canal
supplying electricity to the domestic as well as agricultural
utilities.
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16. QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
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