1. Methods for Wastewater and Sludge Treatment
IV. Wastewater Treatment Technologies Topic. IV. 6. Methods, Processes and Facilities for Wastewater and Sludge Treatment. Basic Technological Schemes
Methods for Wastewater and Sludge Treatment
Basic classifications:
Physical (mechanical) methods
Chemical methods
Physical-chemical methods
Biological methods
Disinfection methods
Primary treatment methods (mechanical)
Secondary treatment methods (biological)
Tertiary treatment methods (mechanical, biological)

2. Processes for Wastewater and Sludge Treatment
Basic classifications:
Physical (Mechanical) methods
Processes of screening
Processes of settling
Processes of filtration and filtering
Processes of membrane separation
Chemical methods
Processes of chemical oxidation
Processes of electrical-chemical oxidation
Processes of chemical neutralisation
Physical-chemical methods
Processes of coagulation
Processes of flotation(pressure, vacuum)
Processes of sorption
Processes of ion exchange
Processes of extraction
Processes of evaporation
Processes of crystallisation

3. Processes for Wastewater and Sludge Treatment
Basic classifications:
Biological methods
Processes with suspended biomass (activated sludge)
Processes with attached biomass
Processes with immobilized enzymes
Aerobic processes
Anaerobic processes
Anoxic processes
Sets of aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic processes
Disinfection
Processes of chlorination
Processes of ozonation
Processes of irradiation

4. Facilities for Wastewater and Sludge Treatment
Basic classifications:
Processes of screening
Bar racks
Screens
Micro-mesh screens
Processes of settling
Grit chambers
Settling tanks/Clarifiers (primary, secondary, tertiary)
Fat/Oil separators
Sludge thickeners
Settling centrifuges
Processes of filtration
Filters (sand, coal, ceramic)

5. Facilities for Wastewater and Sludge Treatment Basic classifications:
Processes of filtering
Vacuum filters
Filter-presses (frame, camera, belt)
Filtering centrifuges
Processes of membrane separation
Ultrafiltration
Invert osmosis
Mixed liquor separation
Reagents dosing
Processes of chemical oxidation
Reagents storage reservoirs
Reagents solutions reservoirs
Reagents dosing equipment
Reagents mixing facilities
Chemical reactors
Processes of neutralisation
Equalising tanks
Reagents management facilities
Mixing chambers
Processes of coagulation
Flocculation chambers

6. Facilities for Wastewater and Sludge Treatment Basic classifications:
Processes of flotation
Reagents management facilities
Flotation tanks
Flotation tanks auxiliary equipment
Processes of sorption
Sorption filters
Sorbent regeneration facilities
Processes of ion exchange
Ion exchange filters
Ion resins regeneration facilities
Activated sludge processes
Aerated tanks
Anoxic tanks
Anaerobic tanks
High/Low rate anaerobic digesters
Aerobic digesters
Upflow sludge blanket reactors
Lagoons, Lakes (aerobic, anaerobic, facultative
Attached biomass processes
Trickling filters (high/low rate)
Rotating disks
Wetlands

7. Basic Technological Schemes for Municipal Wastewater and Sludge Treatment Conventional Secondary Treatment Scheme with Aerated Tanks
I. Wastewater treatment
First stage (mechanical) facilities
Bar racks (coarse and fine)
Grit chambers
Primary clarifiers (settling tanks)
Second stage (biological) facilities
Aeration tanks
Secondary clarifiers
Third stage (disinfection) facilities
Regents management facilities
Mixing chamber
Contact tank
II. Sludge treatment
Excess activated sludge (secondary sludge) thickening
Sludge thickeners
Primary and secondary sludge stabilization
High rate anaerobic digesters
Digested sludge dewatering
Filterpress
Sludge drying beds
Auxiliary facilities
Pumping stations
Channels, pipelines, distribution chambers, flow meters, etc.

8. Conventional Secondary Treatment Scheme with Aerated Tanks
Basic Technological Schemes for Municipal Wastewater and Sludge Treatment
Conventional Secondary Treatment Scheme with Aerated Tanks
1 - bar racks; 2 - grit chambers; 3 - primary settling tanks; 4 - aerated tanks; 5 - secondary clarifiers; 6 - mixing chamber; 7 - contact tank; 8 - outlet device; 9 - sludge thickeners;
10 - high rate anaerobic digesters; 11 - sand drying beds; 12 - sludge dewatering machines;
13 - dewatered sludge store field; 14 - chlorinated station

9. Master Plan of WWTP with Aerated Tanks
Basic Technological Schemes for Municipal Wastewater and Sludge Treatment
Master Plan of WWTP with Aerated Tanks
I - bar racks building
II - horizontal grit chambers
III, IV, V, IX, X, XI, XIII, XIV, XV,
XVII, XIX - channels
VI - activated sludge regenerator
VII - preliminary aerated chamber
VIII - horizontal primary settling tanks
XII - aerated tanks
XVI - horizontal secondary clarifiers
XVIII - contact chambers
XX - solids wastes storage
XXI - sludge thickening tanks
XXII - high rate anaerobic digester
XXIII - gas-holder
XXIV - chlorination management units
XXV - compressors station, workshop
XXVI - laboratory

10. Basic Technological Schemes for Municipal Wastewater and Sludge Treatment Conventional Secondary Treatment Scheme with Trickling Filters
I. Wastewater treatment
First stage (mechanical) facilities
Bar racks (coarse and fine)
Grit chambers
Primary clarifiers (settling tanks)
Second stage (biological) facilities
Trickling filters
Secondary clarifiers
Third stage (disinfection) facilities
Regents management facilities
Mixing chamber
Contact tank
II. Sludge treatment
Primary and secondary sludge stabilization
Low rate anaerobic digesters
Digested sludge dewatering
Centrifuges
Sludge drying beds
Auxiliary facilities
Pumping stations
Channels, pipelines, distribution chambers, flow meters, etc.

11. Master Plane of WWTP with Trickling Filters
Basic Technological Schemes for Municipal Wastewater and Sludge Treatment
Master Plane of WWTP with Trickling Filters
I - bar racks building
II - grit chambers
III - water meter
IV, VII, VIII, XI - distribution chambers
V - vertical primary settlers
VI - high rate trickling filters
IX - vertical secondary clarifiers
X - mixing chamber
XII - contact chambers
XIII - high rate anaerobic digesters
XIV - waste biomass storage
XV - recirculating wastewater reservoir
XVI - office/laboratory building
XVII - service buildings
XVIII - sand storage chambers

12. Basic Technological Schemes for Municipal Wastewater and Sludge Treatment Advanced (Tertiary) Treatment Scheme with Nutrients Removal
I. Wastewater treatment
First stage (mechanical) facilities
Bar racks (coarse and fine)
Grit chambers
Second stage (biological) facilities
Anaerobic tanks
Anoxic tanks
Aerated tanks
Secondary clarifiers
Third stage (disinfection) facilities
Regents management facilities
Mixing chamber
Contact tank
II. Sludge treatment
Excess activated sludge (secondary sludge) thickening
Sludge thickeners
Primary and secondary sludge separate stabilization
High rate anaerobic digesters
Aerobic digesters
Digested sludge dewatering
Filterpresses
Sludge drying beds
Auxiliary facilities
Pumping stations, channels pipes, distribution chambers, etc.