1. Mediastinum: Sternal angle angle Lower border of T4
It is the partition between the two pleural cavities and lungs. It includes a large number of structures
It is subdivided into:
-Superior mediastinum
-Inferior mediustinum : anterior, middle and posterior
Superior mediastinum:
Esophagus
Trachea
Arch of Aorta
Big branches of Aortic arch
Brachiocephalic ( innominate) veins
Upper half os superior vena cava
Phrenic nerves
Vagi nerves
Middle mediastinum:
Pericardium
Heart
Pulmonary trunk
Ascending Aorta
Lower half of SVC
Upper part of IVC
Bifurcation of trachea
Posterior mediastinum:
Descending thoracic Aorta
Azygos and hemiazygos veins
vagi ِ
Sternal angle
angle
Lower border
of T4

2. Esophagus: Trachea: Length -begins Ends Site and relations Esophagus
- Blood supply
Esophagus
Trachea
Lt Vagus
Rt Vagus
Trachea:
Length
-begins
Ends
Site of trachea and bifurcation)
-Relation
-Main bronchi
. length
. width
. orientation
. divisions

3. Aorta: 1- Ascending Aorta: 2- Arch of aorta:
Lt common carotid artery
Brachicephalic artery
Aorta:
1- Ascending Aorta:
Origin, end, branches
2- Arch of aorta:
3- descending thoracic Aorta:
Paired Single
Post intercostals pericardial
Subcostal mediastinal
Phrenic esophageal
Broncheal
Lt subclavian artery

4. Brachiocephalic veins: Azygos and hemiazygos veins:
Comparison between right and left veins:
Begin by union of…..
-length
-end at …. by forming…..
-Tributaries: one of them is internal thoracic vein
Azygos and hemiazygos veins:
Begin at the abdomen.
-end at……
-Tributaries:
1- Posterior intercostal
2- Bronchial
3- Pericardial
4- Esophageal
5- Mediastinal
Superior vena cava :
Begin by union of….. At level of….right 1st costal cartilage
-length
-end at right 3rd costal cartilage by joining the heart
-Tributaries: vena azygos at right 2nd costal cartilage
Lt Internal jugular
Lt Internal jugular
Lt subclavian
Lt subclavian
Lt subclavian
Rt Brachiocephalic.
Lt Brachiocephalic
Phrenic nerve
SVC
Vena azygos

5. Inferior vena cava: Pulmonary Trunk: -Origin - End -Origin -Divisions
-Relations

6. Mediastinum: Lower border of T4 Sternal angle
It is the partition between the two pleural cavities and lungs. It includes a large number of structures
It is subdivided into:
-Superior mediastinum
-Inferior mediustinum : anterior, middle and posterior
Superior mediastinum:
Esophagus
Trachea
Arch of Aorta
Big branches of Aortic arch
Brachiocephalic veins
Upper half of superior vena cava
Phrenic nerves
Vagi nerves
Middle mediastinum:
Pericardium
Heart
Pulmonary trunk
Ascending Aorta
Lower half of SVC
Upper part of IVC
Bifurcation of trachea
Posterior mediastinum:
Descending thoracic Aorta
Azygos and hemiazygos veins
vagi ِ
Lower border
of T4
Sternal angle
Esophagus
Descending
Thoracic
Aorta