1. Earth Materials Vocabulary

2. Earth Materials Vocabulary
An earth material made of more than 1 ingredient; examples: basalt, granite, sandstone, limestone
Rock
Mineral
An earth material made of only 1 ingredient; pure; examples: calcite, quartz, gypsum, fluorite

3. Vocabulary Review Diameter Circumference
The distance across an object; can be used as a rock or mineral property
The distance around an object; can be used as a rock or mineral property

4. Earth Materials Vocabulary
Luster
Streak
a mineral property that describes the glow of reflected light; example: shiny, pearly, glassy. dull
A mineral property that geologists use to tell one mineral from another by dragging the mineral across a white tile to see what color mark it leaves

5. Earth Materials Vocabulary
A mineral property that describes a mineral breaking with smooth flat surfaces; when a mineral has cleavage it can easily be separated into thin sheets
Cleavage

6. Earth Materials Vocabulary
Hardness
Scratch test
A property that geologists use to identify minerals
A test that uses tools to make scratches to determine the hardness of a mineral

7. Earth Materials Vocabulary
When a substance seems to disappear in a liquid but it is really still there
Dissolve
Evaporation
Used to determine minerals that made up a rock; helps separate the parts of rock
*In the picture, the tray on the right shows evidence of calcite crystals that tell us that the mineral calcite is one ingredient in the rock

8. Earth Materials Vocabulary
Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Rocks formed when melted rock cools, either above ground or underground
Rocks that start out as one kind of rock, but large amounts of pressure and heat change them into this kind
Formed by sediment that is deposited over time, usually as layers at the bottom of lakes and oceans; can include minerals, small pieces of plants, fossils, bones, etc.

9. Earth Materials Vocabulary
The remains or impression of a prehistoric animal or plant that is kept in rock; Fossils provide evidence of what lived in prehistoric times; usually found in sedimentary rocks
Fossils

10. The Rock Cycle