1. Ventilators
Tom Williams

2. IPPV Designed to deliver fresh gas to the patient
Versatile
Reliable
Monitoring of volume & pressure
Compatible with vapors
Suitable for requirements & environment
No single classification

3. Elements of classification
Control - how the ventilator delivers gas
Volume
Pressure
Cycling - how the ventilator switches I:E
Time
Pressure / Flow
Triggering - how inspiration is initiated

4. Volume Control

5. Pressure Control

6. Volume Control & Pressure Limit

7. Comparison Volume Controlled Pressure Controlled Constant tidal volume
Precise control of PaCO2
Potential for high airway pressure
Problems with leaks
Pressure Controlled
Reduced peak pressure
Improved gas exchange
Compensates for leaks
Changes in compliance and resistance alter volume

8. Triggering CMV (S)IMV Pressure Support ventilation (PS)
Controlled mandatory ventilation
Pressure Control (PC)
(S)IMV
(Synchronized) intermittent mandatory ventilation
Pressure / Volume
Pressure Support ventilation (PS)
PEEP / CPAP / BIPAP

9. PEEP / CPAP Aims to increase FRC Recruit alveoli Optimise V/Q
Reduces CO
Reduces abdo blood flow
Alveoli over-distension / rupture

10. BIPAP & CPAP

11. Types of Ventilators Variations depending on requirements
Theatres - Versatile, simple & works with vapors
ITU - Versatile with extensive control
Transfer - Compact, robust, powered by gas
Manual - Compact, robust, self inflating