1. 1863-1865: Why did the Union win the war?
2J America: A Nation Divided, c1845–1877

2. Why did the Union win the war?
Good learning:
Understand what happened between
Great learning:
Explain why the Union we able to go on and be successful
Even better:
Evaluate why the Union army was able to go on and win the war
Key Words:

3. Which was the most important battle during 1863?
Last lesson you had to recreate one of four battles using playdoh and create an information sheet. Now it is time to share that information in order to decide which was the most important battle. If you haven't already, make sure you have a copy of the following grid to record your information.
Battle of Chancellorsville
Who was involved and No. of troops
What happened
What decisive factors had an impact on the outcome
What was the impact of the battle
The Battle of Gettysburg
The Capture of Vicksburg
The Chickamauga and Chattanooga Campaign
Use working wall to put up diagrams of the battles to draw and talk through. Input from the groups who also looked at that particular battle.

4. The Battle of Chancellorsville: 30/04/63 -06/05/63
Who was involved: Lee (50,000) vs. Hooker (130,000 - divided)
What happened: See booklet
Decisive factors: fought in an area called the Wilderness and allowed Confederates to carry out surprise attack (Jacksons attack)
Impact: High confederate morale, 17,000 (U) vs.13,000 (C) losses. Hooker resigns.

5. The Battle of Gettysburg: 01/07/63 -03/07/63
Who was involved: Lee (71-75,000) vs. Meade (104,000)
What happened: See booklet
Decisive factors: -Missed opportunities on day 1 by Ewell. Longstreet taking too long on day 2 and the attack on the Centre on day 3 by Lee (mainly charging after the barrage had little effect)
Impact: Improved Union morale, 23,000 (U) vs.28,000 (C) losses. Lee retreats back to Virginia. Lee not able to carry out strategic offensive again ad huge loss of experience. Destroys invincibility myth surrounding Lee.
Does not make Confederate defeat inevitable as the Union do not follow up victory.

6. The Battle of Vicksburg: 18/05/63 -14/07/63
Who was involved: Pemberton and Johnston (33,000) vs. Grant (77,000)
What happened: See booklet
Decisive factors: Grants diversion in the south whilst he passed the Mississippi river. Pemberton’s poor tactical leadership and Johnston’s hesitation to attack Union and break the siege
Impact: Stopped confederate supplies moving East (cut confederacy in two). Captured artillery and Confederates sustained heavy loss (9,091 killed during campaign and approx. 21,000 surrendered)

7. Chickamauga: 19/09/63 -20/09/63 Chattanooga: 20/09/63 – 25/11/63
Who was involved: Bragg (65,000) vs. Rosecrans (60,000)
Grant comes in with additional support during Chattanooga
What happened: See booklet
Decisive factors:
Longstreet learnt from mistakes at Pickett’s charge.
Grant acting quickly to support Rosecrans and changes command and confusion and low morale amongst the confederates.
Impact: Grant seen as Union’s greatest general and opened a path between Atlanta and the Southern heartland.

8. The Chickamauga and Chattanooga Campaign
Its decision time….
We now need to come to a decision on which was the most important battle of 1863.On your post-it note come and place it on one of the four battles. You will need to explain your choice.
The Chickamauga and Chattanooga Campaign
Battle of
Gettysburg
Battle of
Chancellorsville
Capture of Vicksburg

9. Why was the Union successful?
The defeats at Gettysburg, Vicksburg and Chattanooga were severe blows to the southern morale. By December 1863, large areas of Arkansas, Tennessee and Louisiana were under Union control and Union forces were preparing to invade Georgia. Nevertheless, the South were far from beaten. Out West the Union faced the problem of long supply lines and in the East the Confederacy still had Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia.
TASK:
Using the information and your homework on pages I would like you to create a quiz (of around 25 questions – all worth 1 mark each) based on why the Union was successful. You will need to cover the key battles (see handout) as well as pick up on other information, such as decisive factors and impact. You should write your answers on a septate sheet.
TASK:
You will now need to hand in the quizzes and I will redistribute them amongst you for you to have a go at each others. You will then hand your answers to whoever made the quiz to be marked in green pen. The person with the most points wins a prize!
Make sure students write their name at the top of the quiz.

10. Grant was the main reason
String debate
We are now going to have a debate as to why the Union were successful. You need to decide whether you agree or disagree with the statement and give evidence to support your answer. The ball of string will be passed to whoever inputs into the discussion and then they will then nominate the next person to comment on either the statement or what has just been said. The string will then be passed onto them but you will need to hold onto your piece. the idea is for everyone to have hold of it at some point and see how far around the room we can take it!
Grant was the main reason
For the Union success
Could do a practice run with something non topical.

11. Flip Learning
To start you off with the homework for this week, you will need to watch the following video……
What do you notice about the battles and the war?
TASK:
For the next 3 weeks you will need to create a timeline or poster about the civil war. You will need to include the full range of main battles and events that took place and along the way you will need to pull out:
Turning points
Significance of battles in terms of their outcome.
You should also consider at what point the Union victory become inevitable (if it ever does)
There are lots of examples on line to help.