1. Poriferans and Cnidarians
The Invertebrates
Poriferans and Cnidarians

2. “Tissue Animals” tissues but no organs animal cell structure
embryonic stages of development
all aquatic

3. Phylum Porifera
“pore bearing”
the sponges

4. Characteristics found mainly in marine habitats adult is sessile
unresponsive to most environmental changes
living pumps
use ostia/osculum to draw water in and out
1cm to 2m

5. Structure of Sponges (picture on page 345)
epidermis
collar cells
mesenchyme
amoebocytes
spicules

6. Structures epidermis – protects the exterior of the sponge
mesenchyme – jellylike matrix that holds structures
amoebocytes – transport food and carry wastes away
spicules – supporting framework, used to determine the difference between a simple or complex sponge

7. made up of calcium carbonate (lime), silica, or spongin
Grantia spicules
micrograph taken in studio by Ginger Ericson, BJU Press Distance Learning
made up of calcium carbonate (lime), silica, or spongin

8. Life Process collar cells
line cavities of sponges, have flagella that generates the water flow
engulf food particles and partially digest
water enters through ostia and leaves through osculum
excretion and respiration by diffusion

9. osculum ostium Grantia c.s., 40x
micrograph taken in studio by Ginger Ericson, BJU Press Distance Learning
Grantia c.s., 40x

10. epidermis collar cells mesenchyme
micrograph taken in studio by Ginger Ericson, BJU Press Distance Learning
mesenchyme
Grantia c.s., 1000x

11. Uses animal homes camouflage padding for Greek armor
Roman paintbrushes
drinking cup at crucifixion
manmade cleaning and surgical tools

12. Asexual Reproduction budding (favorable conditions)
gemmules (unfavorable conditions)
parents die, but gemmule is enclosed in a tough spicule coat and survives
regeneration

13. Sexual Reproduction primarily in the spring
sperm from one sponge unites with egg from another sponge to form a zygote.

14. Phylum Cnidaria
the hydra and jellyfish

15. The Cnidarians three classes: hydrozoa, scyphozoan, anthozoa
two basic forms
polyp
sessile body form
medusa
bell-shaped, motile body form