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Phylum Arthropoda
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Jointed Appendages
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Number of species Mollusca Chordata Platyhelminthes Nematoda
Arthropoda Porifera Annelida Echinodermata Sarcomastigophora Apicomplex Ciliophora
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Characteristics of Arthropods
Jointed appendages Extensive variation and adaptations(antennae, legs, wings. Mouthparts) Segmented (metameric) tagmatation- fusion of segments to form body regions(head, thorax, abdomen; cephalothorax in some) Open circulatory system Ventral nerve cord Compound eyes Bilateral symmetry Exoskeleton Ecdysis- “an escape” - growth by molting
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Arthropods Most Successful Animals
Number of species Diversity Distribution Longevity
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Reasons for Success Versatile exoskeleton Segmentation
Oxygen piped directly to cells (terrestrial) Highly developed sensory organs Complex behavior Metamorphosis
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Modifications of Exoskeleton
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Modifications of Exoskeleton From A Life of Invertebrates, Copyright © 1979, W. D. Russell-Hunter.
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Compound Eye
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Metamorphosis: complete-
Metamorphosis: complete- egglarvapupa adult incomplete- eggnymphadult
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Monarch Butterfly Egglarva (caterpillar)pupa (in chrysalis) adult
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Arthropod Groups Subphylum Trilobitomorpha
Class Trilobita- extinct trilobites Subphylum Chelicerata Class Merostomata – horseshoe crabs Class Arachnida- spiders, mites, etc. Subphylum Mandibulata Class Myriapoda- centipedes, millipedes Class Insecta- insects Class Crustacea- lobsters, crabs, etc.
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Subphylum Trilobitomorpha
Class Trilobita- Trilobites Successful for over 300 million years Extinct MYA One pair of antennae appendages
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Subphylum Chelicerata
Chelicerae( fangs) No antenna No mandibles 4 pair of walking legs 1 pair of pedipalps
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Class Merostomata Limulus (horseshoe crabs)
First fossils 445 MYA Lived before dinosaurs Segments-Carapace, abdomen and Telson Blood used by pharmaceutical companies to test for endotoxins and pathogens
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Fig. 18.2a
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pedipalps Walking legs Fig. 18.2b Spines
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10/13/2015 Find new seat, graded papers are at your seats. TURN IN horseshoe crab lab “A Tale of Two Species” Horseshoe Crab Article w/ Guided Questions- Due Today BEFORE you leave Class Arachnida Notes Incredible World of Spiders Video w/ guided Questions
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Class Arachnida Spiders Scorpions Ticks Mites All Have book lungs
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Class Arachnida Chelicerae (fangs) 1st pair of appendages around mouth- often with poison 4 pair of walking legs 2 body segments (cephalothorax + abdomen) Except mites & ticks Most are predators Inject enzymes into prey Suck fluid into pharynx
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Arachnid Body Regions Prosoma or Cephalothorax Ophisthosoma or Abdomen
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Order Scorpionida Large pedipalps Abdominal stinger
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Order Scorpionida Large pedipalps Abdominal stinger Photo (a) © SS#11/PhotoDisc
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Order Araneae Spiders Fangs with poison glands Silk glands
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Fig. 18.4
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Fig. 18.5
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Arachnid Book Lung
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Dugesiella Tarantula
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Latrodectus mactans Black widow spider Neurotoxin
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Loxosceles reclusa Fiddle back spider Necrotoxin Brown recluse Brown
Violin Necrotoxin
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Loxosceles reclusa Necrosis of tissue
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Day 3
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Day 4
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Day 5
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Day 6
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Day 9
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Day 10
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Order Acari Ticks Mites Full tagmatation-all Body segments fused
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Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Ticks are vector High fever Headache Muscle pain Rash BEGINS ON EXTREMETIES 25% fatal without antibiotics
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Dermacentor variabilis
Dog tick Dermacentor andersoni Wood tick
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Fig
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Dermatophagoides Dust mite Allergies to fecal products
1 gram of dust holds 250,000 droppings
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Trombicula Chigger mite Larva feed on skin Dermatitis
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Order Opiliones One body segment Short fangs Myth- not most venomous
Daddy- long legs, harvestmen, opilioids
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Arthropod Groups Subphylum Trilobitomorpha
Class Trilobita- extinct trilobites Subphylum Chelicerata Class Merostomata – horseshoe crabs Class Arachnida- spiders, mites, etc. Subphylum Mandibulata Class Myriapoda- centipedes, millipedes Class Insecta- insects Class Crustacea- lobsters, crabs, etc.
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Subphylum Mandibulata
Class Myriapoda centipedes and millipedes Class Insecta most diverse animal class flies, bees, beetles, ants, etc. Class Crustacea crabs, lobster, barnacles, copepod
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Subphylum Mandibulata
Two pair of antennae (anterior to feeding appendages) Third segment bear mandibles (jaws for chewing or grinding) Compound eye
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Class Myriapoda “many appendages”
Fewer than 10 to hundreds of appendages Millipedes (mostly herbivorous + plain in color) Centipedes ( colorful, carnivorous)
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Class Insecta Most biodiverse class of animals
Only invert.s that can fly Distinctive head, thorax, abdomen(3 body regions Typically –three pair of legs (6) Have metamorphosis Oxygen goes directly into cells via spiracles
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Class Crustacea Biramous appendages- separate into two rays
3 pairs modified as mouth parts gills Naupliar larval stage Crabs, copepods, crayfish, barnacles, lobster, shrimp, pill bugs
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Class Crustacea: Pill Bug
Only crustacean that is entirely terrestrial “rollie pollies”
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Fig c
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Fig c
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Copepod
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Barnacle Cirri Testis Penis Anus Mouth Stomach Ovary Cement gland
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Fig a Fig a
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Fig. 19.1
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Crayfish
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Fig. 19.2a
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Fig. 19.2b
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Gonopods 2. Opening of vas deferens(duct for sperm release) Opening of oviduct 4. Seminal receptacle (opening used to accept sperm for fertilization)
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Fig. 19.5 Fig. 19.5
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Fig. 19.6
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Fig. 19.7 Fig. 19.7
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The End
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