1. By: Sarah Sink 4th period AP Biology
Trypanosoma
By: Sarah Sink
4th period
AP Biology

2. Trypanosoma http://www.scivee.tv/node/8426 (this video is very long)
require more then one host to complete their life cycle
move in a corkscrew like motion
transmitted through blood feeding invertebrates (insects)
mostly live in blood tissue but can be found in different locations in the host
uses antigen variation, or variation of the protein coat, in order to avoid detection by the body
parasite

3. Life Cycle http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=27P0FUY7HQk
Trypanosoma must complete the first part of its life cycle in a host such as the tsetse bug found in Africa or the reduviid bug found in southern and central America

4. Life Cycle continued
Trypanosoma is then transmitted through the insect into the bloodstream of some mammal where it grows undetected because of how its protein coat changes.

5. Infected Humans
Trypanosoma cruzi (top) causes Chagas disease which is common in south and central America. It is transmitted by the reduviid bug. There are a few cases in the U.S., but it is not as common.
Trypanosoma bruei (bottom) is found in Africa and causes the sleeping sickness. It is transmitted through the Tsetse fly which is found only un sub-Saharan Africa
Both diseases can be fatal
Because Trypanosoma mustmove from one host to another it is constantly changing throughout its lifecycle.

6. Review Questions
1. Name one of the vectors for transmitting Trypanosoma
2. How does Trypanosoma avoid detection in the body?
3. How does Trypanosoma move?
4. What is the South and central American disease caused by Trypanosoma?
5. What is the African disease caused by Trypanosoma?
6. How many host must Trypanosoma have?

7. Answers 1. Reduviid or Tsetse 2. By changing its protein coat
3. corkscrew
4. Chagas
5. Sleeping Sickness
6. 2