3. Live in blood and tissues for the human and animals,The trypanosoma four shape :- 1.(Amastigote) Leishmania form Rounded shape, absence of free flagellum, kinetoplast is small arise from inside short flagellum. Live in blood and tissues for the human and animals,The trypanosoma four shape :- 1.(Amastigote) Leishmania form Rounded shape, absence of free flagellum, kinetoplast is small arise from inside short flagellum. Kinetoplast Nucleus Kinetoplast Nucleus

4. 2.(Promastigote )Leptomondia form Long body,emerge of forefront body free flagellum arise of blepharoplast, has no undulating membrane,central nucleus, kinetoplast in anterior end. 2.(Promastigote )Leptomondia form Long body,emerge of forefront body free flagellum arise of blepharoplast, has no undulating membrane,central nucleus, kinetoplast in anterior end. Flagella Kinetoplast Flagella Kinetoplast Blepharoplast Nucleus

5. 3.(Epimastigote) crithidial form:-Longer than previous, central nucleus in front of kinetoplast,short undulating membrane. Flagella Undulating membrane Kinetoplast Nucleus Flagella Undulating membrane Kinetoplast Nucleus Blepharoplast

6. 4. (trypomastigote ) trypanosomal form:Spindle shape, central nucleus, kinetoplast behind nucleus, undulating membrane is extend on long the body,emerge like free flagellum in anterior end

7. There are three Types of Trypanosoma disease Vector Genus and species Gambian trypanosomiasis or centeral African sleeping sickness Rhodesiantrypanosomiasi s or East African sleeping sickness Chaga's disease Tsetse flies from genus Glossina palpalis Glossina morsitans Reduviid bug 1.Trypanosoma gambiense 2. Trypanosoma rhodesiense 3. Trypanosoma cruzi. ‏

8. Trypanosoma gambiense or Trypanosoma rhodesiense

9. Hosts :- 1.Human is final host but Tsetse fly is reservoir host in Trypanosoma gambiense and Trypanosoma rhodesiense. 2. In Trypanosoma cruzi pigs is final host but Cats,dogs and reduviid bug are reservoir host. Hosts :- 1.Human is final host but Tsetse fly is reservoir host in Trypanosoma gambiense and Trypanosoma rhodesiense. 2. In Trypanosoma cruzi pigs is final host but Cats,dogs and reduviid bug are reservoir host.

10. tse tse fly Reduviid bug

11. Location in Definitive host :- 1.Trypanosoma gambiense and Trypanosoma rhodesiense in human blood, lymph nodes, central nervous system and spinal fluid. 2.In Trypanosoma cruzi in human blood and spleen. Infective Stage:-Trypomastigote shape Location in Definitive host :- 1.Trypanosoma gambiense and Trypanosoma rhodesiense in human blood, lymph nodes, central nervous system and spinal fluid. 2.In Trypanosoma cruzi in human blood and spleen. Infective Stage:-Trypomastigote shape

12. Mode of transmission :- The disease is mostly transmitted through the bite of an infected tsetse fly in Trypanosoma gambiense and Trypanosoma rhodesiense, reduviid in Trypanosoma cruzi Mother-to-child infection: the trypanosome can cross the placenta and infect the fetus. Accidental infections have occurred in laboratories due to pricks from contaminated needles.

13. Laboratory Diagnosis  Direct microscopy 1. Identify Trypomastigote shape in blood smear, Lymph nodes,bone marrow and spinal fluid in Trypanosoma gambiense and Trypanosoma rhodesiense 2. Identify Trypomastigote shape in blood smear or biopsy of spleen in Trypanosoma cruzi.  Serological test.

14. Leishmania

15. Leishmania has two shapes 1.Amastigote ( Leishmania) form :- found in final host infect the Liver,Spleen,bone marrow,lymph nodes and Macrophage. Leishmania has two shapes 1.Amastigote ( Leishmania) form :- found in final host infect the Liver,Spleen,bone marrow,lymph nodes and Macrophage. Amastigote from biopsy of macrophages(Leishman stain)

16. 2.Leptomonad(Promastigote ) form:- found in mid gut and Salivary gland for the infective Sand fly or in culture media. Promastigote culture from

17. There are three types of Leishmania There are three types of Leishmania diseaseGenus Visceral leishmaniasis or Kala-azar or Black fever 1. Leishmania donovani Cutaneous leishmaniasis or oriental sor or Baghdad boil or Delhi boil 2. Leishmania tropica Muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis or American leishmaniasis 3. Leishmania braziliensis

18. Infective stage :- Promastigote shape Hosts:-  human, dogs and rodents are final hosts.  female Sand fly genus phlebtomus papatsi is intermediate host. Infective stage :- Promastigote shape Hosts:-  human, dogs and rodents are final hosts.  female Sand fly genus phlebtomus papatsi is intermediate host.

19. Sand fly

20. Laboratory diagnosis:-  1. Examination the samples of tissues on the margin of ulcer for seeing the promastigote shape in Leishmania tropica. 2.In Leishmania donovani doing the biopsy by the bone marrow, liver, spleen and lymph nodes.  Immunological Diagnosis : ELISA & Polymerize chain reaction (PCR) Laboratory diagnosis:-  1. Examination the samples of tissues on the margin of ulcer for seeing the promastigote shape in Leishmania tropica. 2.In Leishmania donovani doing the biopsy by the bone marrow, liver, spleen and lymph nodes.  Immunological Diagnosis : ELISA & Polymerize chain reaction (PCR)

21. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

22. Visceral Leishmaniasis

23. Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis

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