1. Chapter 10 Chemical Quantities 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
10.2 Mole-Mass and Mole-Volume Relationships
10.3 Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas
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2. Do Now How many eggs are in 2 dozen eggs?
What Is a Mole?
Do Now
How many eggs are in 2 dozen eggs?
How many eggs are in 0.5 dozen eggs?
If you have 36 eggs, how many dozens of eggs do you have?
If you have 180 eggs, how many dozens of eggs do you have?
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3. What Is a Mole?
Mole – unit of measurement used to count the number of particles in a substance
1 mole = × 1023 particles
Similar to: 1 Dozen = 12
1 Pair = 2
1 Ream = 500
1 Gross = 144
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4. The mole can be used as a conversion factor
What Is a Mole?
The mole can be used as a conversion factor
1 mole = × 1023 particles
1 mole × 1023 of particles
6.02 × 1023 of particles mole
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5. How many particles of sand
are in 0.5 moles of sand?
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6. How many particles of sand
are in 0.5 moles of sand?
0.5 moles sand x 6.02 x 1023 particles of sand = 3 x 1023 particles of sand
1 mole sand
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7. Mathematicians estimate the Earth’s beaches contain nearly 5
Mathematicians estimate the Earth’s beaches contain nearly 5.6 x 1021 grains of sand. How many moles of sand is this ?
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8. Mathematicians estimate the Earth’s beaches contain nearly 5
Mathematicians estimate the Earth’s beaches contain nearly 5.6 x 1021 grains of sand. How many moles of sand is this ?
5.6 x 1021 grains of sand x mole of sand = 9.3 x 10-3 moles of sand
6.02 x 1023 grains
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9. How many moles is 5.82 x 1023 atoms of Aluminum?
Converting to Moles
How many moles is 5.82 x 1023 atoms of Aluminum?
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10. How many moles is 5.82 x 1023 atoms of Aluminum?
Converting to Moles
How many moles is 5.82 x 1023 atoms of Aluminum?
5.82 x 1023 atoms Al x mole of Al = moles of Al
6.02 x 1023 atoms Al
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11. How many molecules are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)?
Sample Problem 10.3
Converting Moles to Number of Molecules
How many molecules are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)?
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12. How many molecules are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)?
Sample Problem 10.3
Converting Moles to Number of Molecules
How many molecules are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)?
6.3 moles CH4 x x 1023 molecules = 3.8 x 1024 molecules CH4
1 mole CH4
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13. How many atoms are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)?
Sample Problem 10.3
Converting Moles to Atoms
How many atoms are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)?
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14. How many atoms are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)?
Sample Problem 10.3
Converting Moles to Atoms
How many atoms are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)?
6.3 moles CH4 x 6.02 x 1023 molecules x 5 atoms = 1.9 x 1025 atoms
1 mole CH molecule
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15. The Mole-Mass Relationship
Do Now:
What is Avogadro’s Number?
How many atoms are in 10.2 moles of Vanadium?
How many moles of Calcium is 4.88 x 1023 atoms of Calcium?
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16. Molar Mass Mass of a mole of an element
For elements, this is the atomic mass given in the periodic table, expressed in grams.
Also called molecular weight or molecular mass
Element
Molar Mass
Carbon
12.0 g
Hydrogen
1.0 g
Chlorine
35.5 g
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17. The Mass of a Mole of an Element
Molar Mass
The Mass of a Mole of an Element
1 mol of sulfur atoms = 32.1 g
1 mol of carbon atoms = 12.0 g
1 mol of iron atoms = 12.0 g
This figure shows one mole of carbon, sulfur, and iron.
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18. Molar Mass
The mass of a mole of a compound is the sum of the masses of all the atoms in the compound.
Example
Molar mass SO3 = molar mass S + molar mass O3
= 32.1 g + (16.0 g x 3)
= 80.1 g
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19. Finding the Molar Mass of a Compound
Sample Problem 10.4
Finding the Molar Mass of a Compound
Calculate the molar mass of the following compounds.
NaCl
N2O3
Fe(OH)2
Be3(PO4)2
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20. Finding the Molar Mass of a Compound
Sample Problem 10.4
Finding the Molar Mass of a Compound
Calculate the molar mass of the following compounds.
NaCl – 58.5g
N2O3 – 76.0 g
Fe(OH)2 – 89.8 g
Be3(PO4)2 – 217 g
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21. END OF 10.1
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22. The Mole-Mass Relationship
Do Now:
Assume 1 PCU = 150 kernels = 25 grams
How many popcorn kernels are in 3 PCUs?
What is the mass of 3 PCUs?
If you have 600 kernels, how many PCUs do you have?
What is the mass of 600 kernels?
What is Avogadro’s Number?
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