1. Objectives Discuss HW5 – Plumbing Finalize valve design
Learn about boilers
Discuss power generation

2. HW5: Find a system curve for this plumbing configuration
40 ft
20 ft
20 ft
Due date: May 5th
5 ft
200 ft
30 ft
30 ft
200 ft
40 ft
10 ton
30 ft
20 ft
10 ft
5 ft
5 ft
10 ft
10 ft
5 ft
30 ft
10 ft
5 ft
5 ft
10 ton
HW5 – Design

3. Valve Sizing and Flow Coefficient
Cv value:
in liter/hour or….
in Pa
Control Valve Selection For Hydronic Systems
reference:

4. Control Valve Selection For Hydronic Systems
Before Digital Control we tried to do this
Valve authority

5. Combined heat and power (cogeneration CHP or three generation CCHP)
Here, we use
thermal energy
for heating and/or
cooling

6. Power generation in steam turbines (Rankine cycle)
Pump
Nuclear
Coal

7. Ideal Rankine Cycle
1-2 isentropic pump constant pressure heat addition
3-4 isentropic turbine constant pressure heat rejection

8. Ideal Rankine Cycle h1=hf saturated liquid
Wpump (ideal)=h2-h1=vf(Phigh-Plow)
vf=specific volume of saturated liquid at low pressure
qin=h3-h heat added in boiler
Usually either qin will be specified or else the high temperature and pressure (so you can find h3)
qout=h4-h1 heat removed from condenser)
wturbine=h3-h4 turbine work

9. Deviations from Ideal in Real Cycles
Pump is not ideal
Turbine is not ideal
There is a pressure drop across the boiler and condenser
We need to sub-cool the liquid in the condenser to prevent cavitation in the pump.

10. Reheat Cycle
It allows increase boiler pressure without problems of low quality at turbine exit

11. Coal Boiler

12. Coal burning method Long time ago: Today: 1) Fluidized bed:
2) Powdered coal:

13. Coal-fired power plant filters
For Particulate Maters
Electrostatic precipitator
Filter bags
Scrubber for SO2 (to prevent formation of Sulfuric acid – H2SO4)
Grinded Limestone in water (slurry) sprayed into the gas fluid stream SO2 + Limestone slurry → Gypsum (used for wallboard)

14. Oil – Gas based boilers Gas circulate through tubes
water is in-between
Water tube boiler

15. Furnaces
For homes
Roof tops and induct heaters