1. The Scientific Revolution

2. Do Now: What is a social REVOLUTION?
Describe a REVOLUTION occurring right now.
What are the elements of a REVOLUTION?

3. Causes of the Scientific Revolution
Medieval Intellectual Life and Medieval Universities
The Italian Renaissance
Renewed emphasis on mathematics
Renaissance system of patronage
Navigational problems of long sea voyages
Better scientific instruments

4. Effects of the Scientific Revolution
Beginnings of modern science
Belief in progress and power of reason
New view of the universe as a well-ordered system

5. Scientific “Revolutionaries”
Nicholas Copernicus ( )
Sun-centered universe
Challenged circular orbits
Universe of staggering size
Earth no different than any other planet
On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (1543)

6. Scientific “Revolutionaries”
Most sophisticated observatory of his day
Discovered & named the Supernova
Discovered comet shooting right through crystalline spheres
Wanted to prove Copernicus wrong, his measurements led Kepler to prove the heliocentric theory correct
Tycho Brahe
( )

7. Scientific “Revolutionaries”
Johannes Kepler ( )
Student of Brahe
Planetary motion conforms to mathematical formula
Elliptical orbits
Planets do not move at uniform speeds in their orbits

8. Scientific “Revolutionaries”
Early practitioner of the experimental method
Mathematical formula for acceleration of falling objects
Law of inertia
His discoveries using the telescope
Challenges categories of “form” and “matter”
End of his life-found guilty of heresy, spent the rest of his life on house arrest.
Galileo Galilei
( )

9. Scientific “Revolutionaries”
Francis Bacon
( )
Father of the Scientific Revolution
The Inductive Method
Emphasis on practical, useful knowledge
New attitude toward nature

10. Scientific “Revolutionaries”
Rene Descartes ( )
Significance of Doubt
Spatial relationships can be expressed in mathematical formulas
Father of “analytical geometry”

11. The Scientific Method
A set of techniques for acquiring new knowledge about the natural world based on observable, measurable evidence.

12. Consequences of the Scientific Revolution
Rise of the “Scientific Community”
Laws discovered by human reason
“De-Spiritualized”and de-mystified the Universe
Mechanical View of the Universe
The modern scientific method
A universe ordered according to natural laws
Consequences of the Scientific Revolution

13. In your opinion, which scientist made the greatest accomplishment?
Explain your answer.