1. Universe & Galaxies

2. Universe
Super Cluster Super Cluster
Cluster - Cluster Cluster – Cluster
Galaxy - Galaxy - Galaxy - Galaxy – Galaxy- Galaxy – Galaxy – Galaxy
*** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***

3. Universe = Everything Out There!!!
Including the Earth, planets, stars, galaxies, and all that they contain; the entire cosmos.

4. Galaxies Galaxy- Groups Of Stars & Interstellar matter 3 Shapes;
Spiral Eliptical Irregular
Center Bulge Egg Shaped Varies In Shape
All Grouping is held together by gravity.

5. Light Years Huge Size – Measured in Light Year
A light-year is a unit of length used by astronomers to measure interstellar distance (the distance between stars).
A light-year is defined as the distance that light will travel in a year
Huge Size – Measured in Light Year
Distance of 1 l.y = 9.5 x 1015 M.

6. BIG BANG THEORY!!! This is the way the world ends.
Not with a bang but a whimper.
- T.S. Elliot

7. BIG BANG CONT. Giant Explosion that began space and time.
15 Billion Years Ago
Created Simplest Matter
The universe was created sometime between 10 billion and 20 billion years ago from a cosmic explosion that hurled matter in all directions.

8. Support for Big Bang Doppler Red Shift Cosmological Red Shift
Cosmic Background Radiation

9. Red Shift. Shows that the universe is expanding.
Light waves get bigger and stretch out, as they move away and shift towards the red end of the spectrum.
ROYGBIV
Longest Shortest

10. Cosmological Redshift
Also called Hubble Redshift
Caused by the expansion of space
Wavelength of light increases as it traverses the universe between its source and point of detection proportional to the expansion of space during crossing time.
The distance between objects is getting greater

11. Cosmic Radiation.
Cosmic radiation is a collection of many different types of radiation from many different types of sources
Can detect microwaves left over from explosions.

12. What Will Happen To The Universe?
1. Keep expanding forever.
2. Reach a certain size and stop.
3. Collapse back on itself “Big Crunch”