1. The Grant Administration
Known primarily as an era of scandals
Grant had difficulty dealing with a Congress that was split on issues such as:
Tariffs
Currency
Civil Service Reform
Mark Twain reflects on this period as an ‘age of excess’; also becomes known as the “Gilded Age”

2. Redemptive Reconstruction (1873-1877)
Election of 1876
Democratic candidate: Samuel Tilden
Republican candidate: Rutherford B. Hayes
The election causes great turmoil as some states send in two sets of election results
Congress is unsure what course of action is best
No one really knew who won the election
Compromise “Bargain” of 1877
Congress established a special commission to settle the election
An informal agreement eventually places another Republican in the presidency in exchange for ending Reconstruction
Terms:
Rutherford B. Hayes (Rep.) would become president
Hayes had to end Reconstruction immediately
Hayes had to guarantee federal aid to the South and remove federal troops
Democrats would not cause trouble if the Republicans followed through with the terms
Hayes takes office and ends Reconstruction within the first month of his presidency 2

3. Disenfranchisement: Poll Taxes: Literacy Tests: Grandfather Clauses:
- denying someone the right to vote
Poll Taxes:
- voters had to pay a tax before they could vote
Literacy Tests:
- voters had to prove they could read
Grandfather Clauses:
-allowed poor/illiterate white southerners to vote 3

4. 4

5. What does this lead to in the future?
Distant and Not-So Distant…

6. Jim Crow Laws
-laws that created separate facilities for African Americans and whites (schools, restaurants, trains, hospitals, theaters, etc.) 6

7. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) -“Separate but Equal”
-The Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal as long as facilities for African Americans and whites were equal, which they rarely were.
-“Separate but Equal”
-made Jim Crow Laws legal 7

8. -the belief that one race is superior to another
Racism
-the belief that one race is superior to another
Prejudice
-irrational suspicion or hatred of a particular group based on race, or religion
Oppression
-the act of controlling or denying a group rights due to prejudice
Stereotype
-an oversimplified generalization about a person or group
Discrimination
-unfair treatment of a person or group because of their race
Segregation
-separating people of different races in schools, housing, and public or private facilities
Dehumanization
process by which members of one group remove human traits from members of another group, making them seem less than human -can lead to violence, human rights violations, and genocide
Genocide
mass murder or abuse of a group (race, religion, ethnicity, nationality, etc.) 8