1. Rising powers and the emerging global order
Alexandra Ciria’k
April 2, 2018

2. Contents: Introduction The post-cold war order
The US order under challenge
Three questions about emerging powers
Conclusion

3. Introduction The West won the cold war Europe: enlargement of EU
Rising powers and the emerging global order
Introduction
The West won the cold war
Europe: enlargement of EU
US: sole superpower  World: unipolarity
Three pillars of the unipolar world
Unrivalled US power
Western-dominated institutions
Dense network of alliances

4. BUT! Would this US predominance last???
Rising powers and the emerging global order
BUT! Would this US predominance last???

5. The post-cold war order
Rising powers and the emerging global order
The post-cold war order
Three liberal stories
Institutions & coopartive logic of institutions
Gradual but progressive diffusion of liberal values
Importance and utility of soft power & self-restraint

6. The post-cold war order (2)
Rising powers and the emerging global order
The post-cold war order (2)
Changes in the nature and dynamics of power:
During the 1990s the US became the centre of a unipolar world
Soviet Union and its allies no longer posed a challenge
“…soft power would outstrip hard coercive power…” (Nye, 2005)

7. The post-cold war order (3)
Rising powers and the emerging global order
The post-cold war order (3)
The US had the right and power to decide what the ‘liberal global order’ was
radical rejectionists
It was unlikely that any emerging power could challenge US power and primacy (Wohlforth, 1999)
US military power is a class of its own
US accounts for 45% of worlds total military spending
Lead in new military technologies
Neo-liberalism spread across the developing world
Transformation of global capitalism (Robinson 2007)

8. The post-cold war order (4)
Rising powers and the emerging global order
The post-cold war order (4)
Attention shifts to Global South (Third World) after the cold war:
Social movements
The US-led order won’t be challenged by large developing countries but radical rejectionist states (WTO ministerial meeting, 1999)

9. The US order under challenge
Rising powers and the emerging global order
The US order under challenge
Washington’s rhetoric of human rights vs. its willingness to violate them in defense of its national security
Undermined Western’s moral superiority

10. The US order under challenge
Rising powers and the emerging global order
The US order under challenge
Visible signs of changes in world order
Increasing diplomatic activity in large developing countries
G20 coalition (Cancun,2003)
IBSA: India, Brazil and South Africa Dialogue Forum
BASICs: Brazil, India, South Africa and China
BRICs: Brazil, Russia, India and China

11. The US order under challenge (2)
Rising powers and the emerging global order
The US order under challenge (2)
The BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India & China) significant development:
Make up the 4 largest economies outside OECD
structural change in global economics
BRICs size and share in the world economy will rise more and more (O’Neill, 2001)

12. The US order under challenge (3)
Rising powers and the emerging global order
The US order under challenge (3)
financial crisis:
Promoted changes in the balance of global economic power
Broke out in the core western countries  undermining their technical and moral authority
Emerging economics (e.g.: BRICs) were less effected

13. Three questions about emerging powers (1)
Rising powers and the emerging global order
Three questions about emerging powers (1)
Where is power shifting to?
To major emerging states
2. General diffusion of power (China’s rise, Arab Spring)
Rise of the rest (Khanna, 2009)
This makes achieving effective power and influence harder for everyone

14. Three questions about emerging powers (2)
Rising powers and the emerging global order
Three questions about emerging powers (2)
What is power?
One of the most complex question to answer
2. Three different levels of power
Relational power
Institutional power
Structural power
Power & influence motives & values

15. Three questions about emerging powers (3)
Rising powers and the emerging global order
Three questions about emerging powers (3)
Power for what?
The most important question.
Rising economies naturally challenge the status quo
3. And currenct powers might try to block them
Conflict between China and US will be hard to avoid (Mearsheimer, 2013)

16. Three questions about emerging powers (4)
Rising powers and the emerging global order
Three questions about emerging powers (4)
Rising powers matter because they disturb the currenct balance of power
Possessing material capabilities and coercive power is what makes a state a great power
Beyond material power: search for status and prestige
“Prestige is the currency of international politics”

17. Three questions about emerging powers (5)
Rising powers and the emerging global order
Three questions about emerging powers (5)
Post-Westphalian elements:
Structural changes in foreign policy & governance challenges in both individual states and the international society
The question of legitimacy: raw power alone cannot secure authority and legitimacy

18. Rising states and the globalization of world politics
Rising powers and the emerging global order
Rising states and the globalization of world politics
Two ways to global order:
Regionally based systems uniting based on a certain set of terms
The global dominance of a former regional system
The Third World has come to an end (Zoellick, 2010):
Fast-evolving multi-polar world

19. Questions: Questions:
Rising powers and the emerging global order
Questions: Questions:
What was the world order like after the cold war?
What does BRICs stand for?
Which part of the world was most effected by the economic crisis?
What are the 3 questions we have to ask about emerging powers?
Do today’s emerging powers mean the end of the Third World?

20. Thank you for your attention!
Rising powers and the emerging global order
Thank you for your attention!