1. Muscular System

2. Muscular System Composed of over 600 muscles
Made up of many fibers held together by connective tissue
Think of a handful of spaghetti
Muscles contract and relax  produces movement

3. Types of Muscles Cardiac Smooth/Visceral
Makes up the wall of the heart
Involuntary movement
Found in the internal organs
involuntary

4. Types of muscle Skeletal/striated
Attached to bone and produce movement upon command from the brain
Point of origin: where movement does not occur, point of attachment/insertion: where movement occurs
Remains partially contracted at all times
Atrophy- loss of muscle tone
Contracture- joint remains in a flexed position for an
extended period of time
Voluntary

5. Muscle Injuries: Muscle Strain
Strain- overstretching or tearing of the muscles and/or adjacent tissues such as the fascia or tendon.
Mild strains are often caused by a spasm
Immediate Treatment
RICE
For grade 3: RICE and immobilize the affected area, EAP may be necessary
F/U tx
Static stretching at least tid
Rest 1-5 days
Functional testing includes fwd and bkwd running, and figure 8’s without limping
Prevention
Strengthening and flexibility

6. Grading Strains Sign/Sx 1° 2° 3° Muscle damage Mild tearing
Moderate tearing
Complete tear
Pain w/ contraction
Mild
Moderate to severe
None to mild
Pain w/ stretching
Yes No
Muscle spasm
Possible
Loss of function
mild
severe
ROM
Decreased
Decreased or increased
edema
Moderate
Palpable defect
none
yes

7. Muscle Injuries: Myositis Ossificans
A condition in which bone forms in and replaces muscle tissue as a result of trauma
Signs and Symptoms: pain, sometimes an immovable, palpable mass, visible on xrays in 4-6 weeks
Immediate tx
Refer, donut pad, take measurements for further evals
F/u tx
Maintain ROM, continue use of donut pad
Prevention
Proper padding

8. Muscle Injuries: Tendonitis
Inflammation of the tendon, caused by repeated stress on the tendon and microtearing
Can be caused by poor conditioning and improper body mechanics
Symptoms: soreness, point tenderness (TTP), possible mild swelling
Immediate tx:
Ice, rest if severe, neoprene sleeve or bracing
F/u tx:
Ice massage, refer if no improvement in about 4 weeks, NSAIDS (ex ibuprofen), if prescribed, US
Prevention:
Ice, proper conditioning, teaching and using proper body mechanics