1. Nature of Canada’s Economy
Social Studies 10

2. Key Question:
How does the human environment affect and change our natural environment?
We will be looking at this through 3 different aspects:
Primary Industry
Manufacturing
Location Factors
Before we move on, we first need an understanding of what makes up the Canadian Economy

3. Economic Structure of Canada
Economic System:
The organization in which products and services are made and used up

4. Consumers: people who use products and services.
The economy is made up of two different types of people:
Producers:
people who harvest, manufacture products or provide services.
Consumers: people who use products and services.

5. How we categorize our economic industries
Primary Industries
Secondary Industries
Tertiary Industries
Quaternary Industries

6. Primary Industries
-industries that harvest natural resources
(natural resources: air, soil, water, oil, plants, rocks, minerals, wildlife)
Examples of Industries: mining, forestry, oil and gas, agriculture, fishing, hunting, trapping

7. Natural Resource Industry
Provinces of Canada and their Primary Industries using natural resources
Natural Resource Industry
Newfoundland & Labrador
Nova Scotia
New Brunswick
Prince Edward Island
Quebec
Ontario
Manitoba
Saskatchewan
Alberta
British Columbia
Yukon Territory
Northwest Territories
Forestry X
Water (Hydroelectric)
Fishery
Oil & Gas
Agriculture
Mining
Notice that British Columbia is a province that has significant involvement in primary industries using natural resources.

8. Labour in Primary Industries
- Lower number of people employed than other industry levels due to mechanization of the job (one person per big machine)
-Skilled labour due to the specialization of the job (college diploma and apprenticeship)

9. Secondary Industries Process raw materials into industrial products.
Industries: Steel mills, paper mills, textile mills, flour mills, plastic manufacturers.

10. Labour in Secondary Industries
- Larger number of people employed than primary industry but still lower than manufacturing industry
-Some college skilled labour (steel milling).
Often industry trained labour

11. Secondary Manufacturing Industry
-process industrial products into goods Includes car makers, the garment industries, furniture makers, industrial bakers.

12. Labour Larger number of people in a factory.
Often industry trained labour, “low skill” labour.

13. Tertiary Industry
-provide services and distribution of final products to the market
Industries: retail sales, utilities, public administration, communications, health care, restaurants, education

14. Labour Large number of people employed in this industry
Labour skill varies:
Low skill labour (ex cashier), college trained (ex. chef, paramedic),
University trained (ex. accountant, pharmacist)

15. Quaternary Industry
-provides intellectual services
Industries: Scientific research, information technology, consultants,

16. Labour Small of people employed in this industry
Very highly trained employees (many years of university)

17. Basic and Non-Basic Industries
Industries that sell their products outside the community, bringing “new” money into the community
Non-Basic Industries
Industries that sell their products within the community, not bringing “new” money into the community

18. Decide if the description is an example of either a basic or non-basic industry:
Job Description
Basic/Non-Basic
Coal miner in northeastern British Columbia
Hairdresser at a shopping mall
Art teacher
Actor at the Stratford Shakespearean Festival
Teller at the local bank
Vice-president of Scotiabank
Professor at Queen’s University
Receptionist at a dentist’s office
Air Canada pilot
School-bus driver
Basic
Non- basic
Non- basic
Basic
Non- basic
Basic
Basic
Non- basic
Basic
Non- basic